История экономики. Страна накануне реформ (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

История экономики. Страна накануне реформ (самое важное)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

61. The country on the eve of reforms

The end of the Stalinist period of rule in March 1953 was marked for the history of the USSR by the initial attempt to reform the command-administrative system. early 1950 to 1960. In 1953 year the country was governed by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers - G.M. Malenkov, Minister of Internal Affairs - L.P. Beria, Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU - N.S. Khrushchev. Each of them tried to take power into their own hands, counting on the support of the party and state nomenklatura. The secretaries of the Central Committee of the republican regional committees, communist parties, regional committees and many other organizations were ready to vote for these leaders if they allow them to independently make decisions regarding local issues, and most importantly, provide them with a guarantee of personal security, i.e. end of repression.

Thus, the formed new layer of Soviet society was ready to agree to reforms within certain limits, without going beyond them. In the process of these reforms, it was necessary to reorganize the Gulag system, as well as to abolish it, carry out social transformations, stimulate the development of agriculture, reduce the degree of tension in the constant search for solutions to emerging economic problems and in finding both internal and external enemies, and much more.

As a result of political rivalry N.S. came to power Khrushchev, which quickly outperformed its competitors. In this year, L. Beriy was arrested and then shot, as he was accused of plotting to restore bourgeois domination. forced resigned at the beginning of 1955 G. Malenkov, and in 1957 they expelled him and V. Molotov, L. Kaganovich and other participants, and their anti-party group from the top leadership.

N.S. Khrushchev became Chairman of the Council of Ministers of the USSR in 1958, and also was still First Secretary of the CPSU Central Committee.

In connection with the huge losses incurred in the lives of people during the war years, the Soviet leadership decided to 1948 year to use the work of Gulag prisoners in an economical way, which consisted in preventing their death from starvation or malnutrition, the absence of extra hard work, as well as medical care. For some workers, wages were fixed or rations were increased. The desired results from these measures were not obtained, in addition, in 1940-1950 yyy. everywhere, from the Komi Republic to Kazakhstan and Kolyma, Gulag uprisings, suppressed in a cruel way. As a result, the Soviet authorities were faced with a choice, either to go in the direction of improving conditions for prisoners, or to close all camps.

This system was unprofitable, since the costs of the state grew, and it could also operate under the condition of constant replenishment of people. The new Soviet leadership, fearing the resumption of repression, decided to choose the second direction. Thus, people began to return home in 1953-1954 yyy. from exiles, prisons and camps, and to 1956 year this system was completely abolished and the rehabilitation of prisoners began. In February 1956, at the regular congress of the CPSU, these events were critically assessed and an assessment was made of the work done for a whole period of time.

This made it possible to take a step forward towards the formation of civil peace in the country, towards the beginning of reforms in all public spheres, especially in the economy. This rehabilitation turn affected not only political growth, but also economic growth, since a huge number of specialists were released, they acquired the rights of citizens and could apply their knowledge and experience in practical activities.

Authors: Zilbertova T.N., Takhtomysova D.A.

<< Back: Post-war development of the national economy

>> Forward: Reforming the Soviet economic system

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ International Financial Reporting Standards. Crib

▪ Roman law. Crib

▪ Ecology. Lecture notes

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Lack of sleep leads to overeating 24.01.2012

New data from Swedish researchers at the University of Uppsala indicates that sleep deprivation triggers mechanisms in the brain that lead to overeating. The results of an earlier study showed that in the morning after a completely sleepless night, the body of young men with normal body weight significantly reduced energy intake. Moreover, they had an increased feeling of hunger, which testified to the ability of an acute lack of sleep to influence a person's perception of food.

In their new work, the researchers conducted a systematic analysis, the purpose of which was to identify areas of the brain involved in the formation of the sensation of hunger, which are affected by lack of sleep. Using the method of functional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), they analyzed the brain activity of 12 men with normal body weight, while they considered meals of different calorie content.

Comparison of the results obtained after a sleepless night with the results obtained in the study of sleepy men showed that in the first case, the participants showed increased activity in the right anterior cingulate cortex of the brain. The severity of the observed pattern did not depend on the calorie content of the dish in question, or on the results of a preliminary assessment of the experienced feeling of hunger, or on the concentration of glucose in the blood measured on an empty stomach. However, the results of the assessment of the strength of the feeling of hunger, carried out after the end of the brain scan, were proportional to the level of activation of the indicated area of the cerebral cortex.

The results obtained suggest that a sleepless night is a strong stimulus to food absorption, independent of the actual feeling of hunger and blood glucose levels. It is possible that this mechanism makes a significant contribution to the growing problem of obesity among the populations of Western Europe and the United States.

Other interesting news:

▪ 32-bit microcontroller V850E/RS1

▪ Aliens may think Earth is uninhabited

▪ Remote Light Switch

▪ 56Gbps In-System Interface Receiver

▪ Mouse under the table

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ Modeling section of the site. Selection of articles

▪ article And turpentine is useful for something! Popular expression

▪ article How long does it take to get from Kissing to Wedding via Petting and Fucking? Detailed answer

▪ article Kupyr forest. Legends, cultivation, methods of application

▪ article Programmable light installation. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article QRP CW transmitter. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews