Clocks, timers, relays, load switches. Schemes, articles of the Free Technical Library

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Clocks, timers, relays, load switches. Schemes, articles, descriptions

Free library / Schemes of radio-electronic and electrical devices

Clocks, timers, relays, load switches

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Generator for tuning the IF path of the radio receiver

Section Civil radio communications. Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of a generator that can be used to tune the intermediate frequency path in radio receivers for a wide variety of purposes. Generator output frequency - ff=465 kHz

Infrared detector

Section Indicators, detectors, metal detectors. The presented detector circuit is a simple light relay or a detector that responds to the infrared radiation of the LED D1. The main application of the device is control systems. In the absence of radiation from diode D1 to phototransistor Q1, relay K1 is in a normally open state. There are various design options for the device. A variant is possible when the phototransistor Q1 is triggered by the reflected beam (a mirror can be used as a reflector) of the infrared D1. The advantage of such a relay is the absence of radiation visible to the eye. The sensitivity of the device is determined by the parameters D1, Q1, R2 and the design of the device ... >>

Sound audio complex

Section Transistor power amplifiers. I will start my story from afar and with some explanations. I started designing radio equipment in the mid-60s of the last century. In the early 70s, a comfortable, for those times, Berezina restaurant was built in the city of Borisov. A professional vocal and instrumental ensemble worked in this restaurant. So this ensemble worked on radio equipment, which I completely made. At that time, it was difficult to acquire high-quality radio equipment: amplifiers, speakers, etc. The tube sound amplifying equipment I made at that time worked almost 24 hours a day and, most importantly, it worked flawlessly ... >>

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Articles on clocks, timers, relays, load switches

Articles on clocks, timers, relays, load switches; diagrams of clocks, timers, relays, load switches; descriptions of clocks, timers, relays, load switches: 202 articles

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Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

Artificial leather for touch emulation 15.04.2024

In a modern technology world where distance is becoming increasingly commonplace, maintaining connection and a sense of closeness is important. Recent developments in artificial skin by German scientists from Saarland University represent a new era in virtual interactions. German researchers from Saarland University have developed ultra-thin films that can transmit the sensation of touch over a distance. This cutting-edge technology provides new opportunities for virtual communication, especially for those who find themselves far from their loved ones. The ultra-thin films developed by the researchers, just 50 micrometers thick, can be integrated into textiles and worn like a second skin. These films act as sensors that recognize tactile signals from mom or dad, and as actuators that transmit these movements to the baby. Parents' touch to the fabric activates sensors that react to pressure and deform the ultra-thin film. This ... >>

Petgugu Global cat litter 15.04.2024

Taking care of pets can often be a challenge, especially when it comes to keeping your home clean. A new interesting solution from the Petgugu Global startup has been presented, which will make life easier for cat owners and help them keep their home perfectly clean and tidy. Startup Petgugu Global has unveiled a unique cat toilet that can automatically flush feces, keeping your home clean and fresh. This innovative device is equipped with various smart sensors that monitor your pet's toilet activity and activate to automatically clean after use. The device connects to the sewer system and ensures efficient waste removal without the need for intervention from the owner. Additionally, the toilet has a large flushable storage capacity, making it ideal for multi-cat households. The Petgugu cat litter bowl is designed for use with water-soluble litters and offers a range of additional ... >>

The attractiveness of caring men 14.04.2024

The stereotype that women prefer "bad boys" has long been widespread. However, recent research conducted by British scientists from Monash University offers a new perspective on this issue. They looked at how women responded to men's emotional responsibility and willingness to help others. The study's findings could change our understanding of what makes men attractive to women. A study conducted by scientists from Monash University leads to new findings about men's attractiveness to women. In the experiment, women were shown photographs of men with brief stories about their behavior in various situations, including their reaction to an encounter with a homeless person. Some of the men ignored the homeless man, while others helped him, such as buying him food. A study found that men who showed empathy and kindness were more attractive to women compared to men who showed empathy and kindness. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Nanowires on graphene grow by themselves 09.05.2013

Engineers at the University of Illinois tried to grow semiconductor compounds from nanowires on a sheet of graphene and found that the nanowires grow in a completely unexpected way. This discovery is extremely important for the electronics industry and changes the paradigm of epitaxy technology.

Nanowires are tiny strips of semiconductor material. Experts believe that it is nanowires that will become the basis of the electronics of the future and will be widely used for the manufacture of transistors, solar panels, lasers, sensors, etc.

American scientists explored the possibilities of nanowires by growing them using van der Waals epitaxy technology on a flat substrate of semiconductor materials such as silicon. In particular, they were engaged in growing wires of the so-called class III-V (three-five). These semiconductors are essential for creating new generation solar panels and lasers. Previously, scientists have already observed the growth of III-V nanowires on silicon substrates.

Recently, researchers at the University of Illinois decided to try growing indium gallium arsenide (InGaAs) nanowires on a sheet of graphene and found an unexpected result. InGaAs nanowires self-formed into an unusual structure in which the core is made of one material, indium arsenide, and the outer shell is made of another, InGaAs. At the same time, the structure of nanowires can be controlled using the ratio of indium and gallium, which makes it possible to tune the optical and conductive properties of nanowires.

Many laboratories are working on the development of such a technology for composite nanowires, and until now, the manufacture of tiny wires in a "braid" from another material was considered a complex process requiring a special approach. Growing composite nanowires on a graphene substrate is a great achievement. Graphene itself has many advantages over silicon. So, graphene is flexible and conducts electricity well, besides, the raw material for graphene (carbon) can be taken directly from the air. Currently, about 80% of the cost of a solar cell is the cost of the silicon substrate. If it is possible to establish mass production of graphene, then a sharp reduction in the cost of electronics and solar energy awaits us.

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