Lecture notes, cheat sheets
History of psychology. Progressive Psychological Concepts in the USA (Most Important) Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets Table of contents (expand) 21. PROGRESSIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL CONCEPTS IN THE USA In the second half of the XVIII century. began the struggle of the American colonies against the subordination of England. This determined the main shifts in the ideological life of the country. 1. A strong educational movement rises with its apology for the innate rights of people and the "light of reason". The philosophical concepts of B. Johnson (1696-1772) and B. T. Edward (1703-1758) that defended religious knowledge are contrasted with teachings of a different kind. They were distinguished by the understanding of man as a natural being, whose psyche has an earthly genesis and is subject to the uniform laws of the material world. The natural-science aspiration is inherent in the works of B. Franklin, T. Payne, T. Jefferson, B. Rush and others. 2. Views of the American doctor B. Rush. He was an enterprising member of the revolutionary army, one of those who signed the US Declaration of Independence, the initiator of many economic and educational ideas of the young bourgeois state, is considered the "father" of American psychiatry. The most significant from the point of view of scientific psychology is his work "On the influence of physical causes on the moral ability of man." The deterministic aspiration of the teachings of B. Rush found its expression in his interpretation of thinking and will. He emphasized that the process of thinking occurs with a natural necessity inherent in all other functions, suggesting that whoever doubts this, try to delay the operations of the mind at will. This will do no more than delay the work of the heart or the movement of the planets. As for the will, it is just as impossible without argument as seeing without light or hearing without sound. On the one hand, B. Rush provided evidence of the primacy of physical causes in relation to internal processes and properties, on the other hand, the opposite effect of mental states on physical ones. In other words, he stood up for psychophysical interaction. Under the inseparable connection of mental and material processes, they meant their influence on each other, and not parallelism. B. Rush, as a doctor, made this idea the starting point for psychotherapy. But despite this, it had political meaning for him. The will of the subject in the liberal mode of manifestation was regarded by him as a factor that favors (with the help of the soul) the material well-being of the organism. Philosophical difficulties involved in the issue of interaction, B. Rasha cared little. It was important for him to reduce the general interpretation of mental phenomena with current socio-political tasks. Psychophysical interaction in the interpretation of B. Rush meant a binary dependence: physical causes affect the moral ability of the soul, and the well-being of the body depends on this. Religious ideas were considered the central factor in the beneficial effects of the soul on physical health. Author: Anokhina Z.V. << Back: The origin of the materialistic trend in Russian psychology >> Forward: The origin of the idea of cultural and historical laws of the spiritual life of people We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets: ▪ General psychology. Lecture notes ▪ The main dates and events of domestic and foreign history. Crib ▪ Internal illnesses. Lecture notes See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets. Read and write useful comments on this article. Latest news of science and technology, new electronics: The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven
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