2. FUNCTIONS OF MODERN PSYCHOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND ITS BRANCH

The main functions of psychology include the study of the adaptive role of the human and animal psyche in the conditions of modern life; study of the development of cognitive processes at each stage of mental development. As a rule, the following branches of psychology are distinguished.

Social psychology (SP) explores the relationship and relationship of a person with society. This branch connects general psychology with sociology. The subject of the study of SP is, first of all, the personality and its mental characteristics, the way people interact, how they perceive each other. A significant place in social psychology is given to the psychological characteristics of social groups. According to scientists, the personality has not yet been fully studied, so it cannot be said that this industry does not continue to develop at the present time.

Developmental psychology (VP) has been studied since the end of the XNUMXth century. The subject of this branch of study is a healthy individual and his development in ontogeny. Various periods of human development, crises of transition from one age category to another, the dynamics of mental development are being studied. The EaP has set itself a number of tasks, which took a lot of time to complete.

At the moment, there are several sections of the EP: the psychology of infancy, the psychology of early age, the psychology of preschool age, the psychology of the primary school student, adolescent psychology, youth psychology, the psychology of maturity, gerontopsychology (the psychology of the elderly).

Educational psychology studies the patterns of human development in the educational process.

There are 3 sections of pedagogical psychology: the psychology of education, the psychology of education and the psychology of the teacher. Within the framework of these sections, the student's relationship with peers in the context of the educational process, the interaction between the teacher and students, the features of constructing a pedagogical plan of work with students are studied.

Medical psychology (MP) studies the course of mental processes associated with the dynamics of the development of diseases, the features of the relationship between the doctor and the patient, and the qualitative improvement of the treatment process. MP is divided into: neuropsychology, psychopharmacology, psychotherapy, psychoprophylaxis and psychohygiene.

Legal psychology (JP) deals with the study of the course of the mental processes of a person in the conditions of legal relations. Sections of the UP are: criminal, forensic and correctional psychology.

Military psychology studies the mental characteristics of people during combat operations and in the conditions of combat training.

Special psychology (psychology of abnormal development) deals with the study of mental deviations in human development. The main task of the SP is to identify violations in the early stages and find possible optimal ways to correct and diagnose them.

SP is divided into: pathopsychology, oligophrenopsychology, deaf psychology and typhlopsychology.

Author: Anokhina Z.V.

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