History of psychology. Psychology as a doctrine of the performance of mental activities (the most important)

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History of psychology. Psychology as a doctrine of the performance of mental activities (the most important)

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42. PSYCHOLOGY AS A STUDY OF THE PERFORMANCE OF MENTAL ACTIVITIES

The psyche is a fundamental concept of psychology. The psyche is the inner world of a person, which is born in the process of human interaction with the outside world, in the process of dynamic reproduction of this world.

Mental processes are active causal factors of behavior. A person is influenced by the social environment, therefore his consciousness has its own structure and systemic and semantic organization. Various manifestations of the psyche form an unconscious area.

The psyche is expressed in a person in the following blocks of mental phenomena:

1) mental processes are simple mental phenomena that last from a fraction of a second to tens of minutes or more. Mental is a living, plastic, determined and forming process. Mental processes are always included in more complex types of mental activity;

2) mental states. They are the most long-term in comparison with mental processes (they can last for several hours, days, weeks) and are the most complex in structure and formation. This is a state of cheerfulness or depression, ability to work or fatigue, aggressiveness, inattention, good or bad mood;

3) mental properties of a person - temperament, character, abilities and stable features of mental processes in an individual;

4) mental formations - the consequences of the activity of the human psyche, its formation and self-development. These are acquired knowledge, skills and abilities. Mental processes, states, properties and behavior are an integral unity and mutually transform into each other. Psychological analysis makes it possible to systematize mental activity in terms of functions implemented in the course of a person's relationship with the world and other people. Here we should talk about the functions of indicative, performing, and the functions of information and verification. It is through such functions that mental activity manifests itself as an adaptation for the regulation of all manifestations. Such manifestations can have various levels of activity, determined not only by the consequences of the reorganization of the object, but also by the nature of the modifications of the functioning personality. An analysis is possible in terms of the consequences obtained. This refers to reproductive and creative activities. In each of these types, the ratio of imitation and independence is varied, and objective and subjective novelty and originality are conveyed in different ways in the results.

Author: Anokhina Z.V.

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