Logics. Conditional disjunctive inference (most important)

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Logics. Conditional disjunctive inference (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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50. CONDITIONAL DIVISION CONCLUSION

An inference in which one premise is conditional and the other - separative judgment, is called conditional-separative, or lemmatic (from lat. - assumption).

A disjunctive judgment can contain two, three or more alternatives, so lemmatic reasoning is divided into dilemmas (two alternatives), trilemmas (three alternatives), etc.

В simple design dilemma the conditional premise contains two grounds from which the same consequence follows. The dividing premise affirms both possible grounds, the conclusion affirms the consequence. The reasoning is directed from the assertion of the truth of the grounds to the assertion of the truth of the consequence:

If the accused is guilty of knowingly illegal detention (p), then he is subject to criminal liability for a crime against justice (r); if he is guilty of knowingly unlawful detention (q), then he is also subject to criminal liability for a crime against justice (r). The accused is guilty of either knowingly unlawful detention (p) or knowingly unlawful detention (q).

The accused is subject to criminal liability for a crime against justice (r).

В difficult design dilemma the conditional premise contains two bases and two consequences.

The separating premise asserts both possible consequences. The reasoning is directed from the assertion of the truth of the grounds to the assertion of the truth of the consequences:

The certificate can be bearer (p) or registered (r).

В simple destructive dilemma the conditional premise contains one basis, from which two possible consequences follow. The dividing premise denies both consequences, the conclusion denies the reason. The reasoning is directed from the denial of the truth of the consequences to the denial of the truth of the foundation.

If N. committed an intentional crime (p), then there was direct (q) or indirect intent (r) in his actions.

But there was neither direct (q) nor indirect intent (r) in N.'s actions.

The crime committed by N. is not intentional (r).

В complex destructive dilemma the conditional premise contains two bases and two consequences. The dividing premise denies both consequences, the conclusion denies both grounds. The reasoning is directed from the denial of the truth of the consequences to the denial of the truth of the grounds:

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