Forensics. Concept and types of inspection (the most important)

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Forensics. Concept and types of inspection (the most important)

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49. CONCEPT AND TYPES OF INSPECTION

Inspection - study of the situation at the scene, detection and receipt of data on circumstances conducive to the commission of a crime.

Inspection principles:

1) timely inspection. The objects inspected can change quickly under the influence of objective and subjective factors, so it is very important that any type of inspection is carried out as soon as possible after receiving a report of the incident, as this helps prevent the loss of material evidence;

2) objectivity and completeness of inspection. When conducting an inspection, the investigator should not succumb to the first impression of the essence of the event that occurred, but must impartially examine all possible versions. Carrying out an inspection under the impression of any one version may adversely affect the results of the investigation. The completeness of the inspection presupposes the identification and implementation of the entire range of issues that can be resolved with the help of this investigative action, and not just those of them that seem to be the main ones at the time of the inspection. It also points to the need to detect during its implementation all available traces and other objects that may have the value of material evidence, regardless of their apparent importance or insignificance;

3) systematic inspection. Any inspection must be carried out according to plan and in a certain sequence. Failure to comply with this principle, jumping when examining an object from one area to another can negatively affect the collection of the necessary information;

4) unified inspection guidance. An investigative examination is a complex investigative action, which often involves several investigators, operational workers, a prosecutor, and other law enforcement officers. All this requires a clear organization of interaction between all participants in the inspection. It can be ensured only with a unified management of the inspection. By law, such leadership is assigned to the investigator, but if necessary, it can be taken over by the prosecutor supervising the investigation or inquiry. The manager distributes responsibilities between the inspection participants and monitors the implementation of the tasks assigned to them.

Objectives of the investigative review:

1) detection of traces of a crime;

2 clarification of other circumstances that are important for the development of versions and the search for a criminal, or obtaining data on circumstances conducive to the commission of a crime.

Classification of investigative examination:

1) by objects of inspection:

a) inspection of the scene;

b) home inspection;

c) external examination of the corpse;

d) examination of objects and documents;

e) inspection of animals;

e) inspection of vehicles;

g) inspection of premises and areas of the terrain that are not the scene of an accident;

h) inspection of plants;

i) examination;

2) according to the sequence of conducting an investigative examination:

a) initial; b repeated;

3) according to the volume of investigative inspection:

a) main;

b additional (not the entire object is examined, but only part of it).

Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.

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