14. DACTYLOSCOPIC EXAMINATION

In order to study the traces of hands, the following expertise:

1) fingerprinting - the study of papillary lines;

2) poroscopic - face identification by pores;

3) egetoscopy - a study of the relief of the edges of the papillary line in order to identify a person;

4) phalangometric - establishes coincidences or differences in fingerprints of the phalanges of the fingers according to their size, shape, relative position of the interphalangeal folds;

5) palmological - studies the configuration and size of palm prints.

Fingerprint examination - a type of traceological examination. It is carried out in the forensic laboratories of the Ministry of Justice of the Russian Federation and the forensic departments of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.

Seized traces and comparative samples are sent for fingerprint examination. Traces come in the form of: objects with traces; copied traces; photographs of footprints; samples of handprints of suspected persons.

To obtain samples from the suspect, the accused, and, if necessary, from victims and witnesses, a decision is made to receive samples and a protocol is drawn up.

During the fingerprint examination, two sets of questions:

1) non-identification (diagnostic), related to the characteristics of traces and the determination of the conditions for their formation;

2) identification.

The technique for obtaining samples consists of several stages:

1) when fingerprinting living persons a small amount of printing ink is squeezed onto a smooth plate and rolled out with a rubber roller in an even thin layer. The fingerprinted person is offered to wash his hands with warm water and soap, after which the nail phalanges of all fingers are rolled from edge to edge on the plate with paint, then they are rolled in the same order in specially indicated places on the fingerprint card. After rolling, a control imprint of four fingers is applied to the fingerprint card at the same time (except for the thumb). Wash off the paint from the hands;

2) when fingerprinting a corpse The skin of the hands is washed with cold water, and then with warm water to swell and enhance the relief of the papillary pattern, wiped dry and degreased with organic solvents. The paint from the plate is applied to the fingers using a rubber roller or by rolling the finger with a fingerprint plate with paint, and then each finger is rolled over a strip of white paper measuring 6 x 2 cm. Sheets of paper with fingerprints are glued to the corresponding place on the fingerprint card. No proof print is made. To make fingerprinting easier, strips of paper can be placed in a spoon-shaped device with a concave profile.

Features of fingerprinting corpses:

1) fingerprint frame;

2) the procedure must be entrusted to a forensic physician or forensic specialist;

3) only those corpses that are not identified are fingerprinted.

Features of fingerprinting living persons:

1) fingerprinting on two fingerprint cards: the first - by staining hands, the second - by already washed hands;

2) fingers are not rolled from left to right, but simply applied.

Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.

<< Back: Hand marks. Properties and types of papillary patterns

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