Forensics. Forensic investigation of explosive devices, explosives and explosion traces (most important)

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Forensics. Forensic investigation of explosive devices, explosives and explosion traces (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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28. FORENSIC RESEARCH OF EXPLOSIVE DEVICES, EXPLOSIVES AND EXPLOSION TRACES

explosive devices - These are technical structures that are designed to destroy a target with a powerful wave.

explosives is a growing industry that occupies explosive devices.

The objects of explosives are:

1) explosive devices, their parts, accessories;

2) traces of the use of explosive devices;

3) devices for the manufacture of explosive devices.

Distinguish explosive devices:

1) factory-made;

2) homemade production.

Explosive devices consist of:

1) hulls;

2) explosive charge;

3) control device;

4) fuse.

Improvised explosive devices are disguised as briefcases, shopping bags, thermoses, etc. Such items are easy to carry and can be left at the scene without attracting much attention.

Explosive devices can be wired or wireless.

Explosive devices are divided into:

1) triggered by pressing;

2) remote;

3) non-contact;

4) triggered by a given signal.

As a result of the operation of the mechanism, an explosion occurs, during which a large amount of energy is released in a short period of time.

Explosives are chemical compounds capable of rapid reaction, accompanied by the release of a large number of different gases.

Detection of traces of an explosion is facilitated by signs that appeared on the barrier in the form of:

1) mechanical damage from exposure to high pressure gases;

2) burning with a flame;

3) crumbling plaster, whitewash, concrete or brick chips, chipped wood particles. When examining the scene of an accident, the participation of specialists with deep knowledge in this area is required. The main task is the detection, fixation and removal of objects that are related to the explosion. At the crime scene, you can find the remains of a projectile, explosive, various wiring and other mechanisms that can lead to an explosion.

Objects found are photographed and carefully described (recorded) in the protocol, and the location of all objects found must be accurately indicated on the plan. The protocol also describes the found objects (appearance, material, etc.)

The seized objects must be packed separately (an explanatory note is attached to each package) and sent for examination to establish the design of the explosive device, the principle of operation, what materials it was made of, the type of explosive, etc.

Objects seized from the scene of the incident are subsequently sent for examination. Examination of explosive devices is carried out at the forensic center of the Ministry of Internal Affairs.

Explosive expertise solves three groups of tasks:

1) establishing the fact of the explosion itself, as well as the attribution of individual elements found at the scene of the incident to an explosive device, establishing traces of an explosion on elements of the material situation;

2) determination of the design of the explosive device;

3) determination of the circumstances of the explosion itself.

Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.

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