Table of contents (expand)
- The concept, subject and tasks of forensic science
- Forensic system
- The concept and system of forensic technology
- The concept and scientific basis of forensic identification
- Forensic diagnostics
- Forms of using special knowledge in criminal proceedings
- Technical and forensic tools and methods for detecting, recording and removing traces
- Concept, meaning and system of forensic photography, filming, video recording and sound recording
- Forensic photography. Its concept, meaning and types
- Forensic application of filming, video and sound recording and their procedural design
- Subject, system and tasks of traceology. Scientific foundations of traceology
- Classification of traces in traceology
- Hand marks. Properties and types of papillary patterns
- Fingerprint examination
- Footprints. Methods of their fixation and withdrawal. footprint path
- Traces of teeth, lips, nails and other parts of the body
- Traces of blood, semen and other secretions. traces of smoking and dust, their forensic meanings
- Traces of vehicles, their types and meaning
- Traces of hacking tools, their meaning and types
- Odorology. methods for removing and fixing odor traces
- Forensic investigation of materials, substances and products (KIMVI)
- Forensic Habitoscopy
- Classification of human appearance features. rules for describing a person’s appearance using the verbal portrait method. Classification of signs of human appearance
- Forensic phonoscopy
- Forensic weapons. Doing. concept and classification of weapons
- Forensic ballistics. The concept and classification of firearms and ammunition
- Identification of weapons by bullets and cartridges. Establishing the distance and direction of the shot, the location of the shooter
- Forensic investigation of explosive devices, explosives and explosion traces
- The concept and classification of edged weapons
- Forensic research of edged weapons
- Forensic examination of documents
- Forensic study of the letter. Signs of writing and their classification
- Handwriting expertise
- Signs of written speech
- Technical and forensic examination of documents
- General provisions for document inspection. Rules for handling documents - material evidence
- Concept and classification of micro-objects. Rules for detection, seizure and fixation of micro-objects
- Operational and reference accounting
- Forensic records of internal affairs bodies
- General provisions for organizing the disclosure and investigation of crimes
- The concept and types of forensic versions
- Building and checking versions. Deriving Consequences from Versions
- Theoretical foundations of tactical operations and tactical combinations
- Classification and structure of tactical operations
- Crime investigation planning
- The concept, meaning and types of interaction of the investigator with other law enforcement agencies and the public
- Operational-investigative activity as a form of interaction
- The concept and system of forensic tactics
- The concept and types of inspection
- Preparing for production inspection. Inspection tactics
- The concept, types and tasks of interrogation. Preparation for interrogation
- Interrogation of the suspect and the accused
- Interrogation of the witness and the victim
- The concept and types of search. Preparing and conducting a search
- Recording the progress and results of the search and seizure
- The concept, types and tasks of an investigative experiment
- Concept and types of presentation for identification. Preparation for presentation for identification
- The concept and tactics of checking testimony on the spot
- The concept and classification of forensic examinations
- Detention Tactics
- Tactical methods of confrontation
- Tactics for conducting an examination
- The concept and structure of forensic methodology
- The concept and classification of private methods of investigation
- The concept and significance of the forensic characteristics of crimes
- Forensic characterization of murders
- The initial stage of the murder investigation. Identification of an unidentified corpse
- The next stage of the murder investigation. Features of investigative actions
- Features of the investigation of certain types of murders (domestic, serial, contract)
- Forensic characteristics of rape. Methods for exposing staged rape
- Typical investigative versions and situations in the investigation of rape
- Forensic characteristics of theft
- Forensic characteristics of thefts
- Forensic characteristics of robberies and assaults
- Methodology for investigating robberies and robberies
- Forensic characteristics of misappropriation and embezzlement
- Forensic characteristics of fraud
- Extortion Investigation Methodology
- Forensic characteristics of crimes related to illicit drug trafficking
- Forensic characteristics of bribery. Correlation between bribery and corruption
- Features of bribery investigation
- Forensic characteristics of crimes committed by organized criminal groups
- Forensic characteristics of arson
- Forensic characteristics of environmental crimes
- Forensic characteristics of computer crimes
- Forensic characteristics of road traffic crimes
- Forensic characteristics of criminal violations of labor protection and safety regulations
- Features of the investigation of crimes committed by minors
- Features of the investigation of crimes committed by persons with mental abnormalities
- Features of the investigation of unsolved crimes of past years
53. INTERROGATION OF THE WITNESS AND THE INJURED
The interrogation begins with the announcement to the victim of his responsibility for giving false testimony and slander. Then an opportunity is given in the form of a free story to state by whom, when and what actions were committed against him. Further, the investigator, by asking questions, clarifies the testimony, paying special attention to obtaining information, taking into account which further investigative actions will be carried out, and possibly operational-search measures. The victim can express his judgments about the identity of the criminals, the motives and goals of their actions. This information is taken into account when putting forward investigative versions.
An important circumstance that can affect the volume and reliability of information obtained during the interrogation of the victim is his emotional state associated with the committed assault. A person may be too excited or depressed, and therefore, if it is not possible to relieve tension, it is advisable to postpone the interrogation, limiting itself to obtaining the most necessary data. But keep in mind that delaying interrogation can sometimes lead to negative consequences.
The victim is sometimes cajoled or threatened by perpetrators or persons associated with them. This can make it very difficult to obtain truthful testimony from him.
Any person who knows any circumstances to be established in the case is interrogated as a witness. They are criminally liable for evading testimonies and reporting deliberately false information, therefore, at the beginning of the interrogation, they are explained the provisions of the law and the obligation to tell the truth.
The credibility of witness testimony is influenced by a number of factors, such as personal relationships with the suspect (accused), the presence of circumstances that in one way or another compromise the witnesses themselves. The investigator must find out the nature of the relationship between the witness and the accused, his possible involvement in the actions of the latter, and take measures to prevent and expose perjury.
The formation of testimony is also influenced by objective factors that make it difficult to perceive facts and events (these can be adverse weather conditions, insufficient lighting at the scene, limited time for perception, etc.). The investigator, in order to receive and evaluate the testimony in a qualified manner, must find out under what conditions they were formed, whether the witness has physical defects that interfere with the correct perception and reproduction of events. The revealed circumstances should be taken into account when determining the tactics of interrogation.
When interrogating minors (especially minors) witnesses, the age characteristics of their psyche must be taken into account. For example, they are characterized by increased suggestibility, and sometimes a tendency to fantasize. When posing a leading question, the interrogated person often perceives the answer prompted to him, thinks up some details of the event, and after that it can be difficult to distinguish reality from fiction.
Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.
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