83. CRIMINALISTIC CHARACTERISTICS OF ARKS

Damage to property as a result of arson is caused in order to:

1) concealment of a previously committed crime or other event;

2) creating an environment that facilitates the commission of another crime;

3) revenge on the owner of the property, other persons whose activities are related to this object;

4) exerting pressure, intimidating victims while extorting compensation;

5) receiving an insurance premium, a new apartment and similar benefits, advantages;

6) out of hooligan and other motives.

Arson is committed:

1) using specially prepared combustible materials;

2) with the help of specially made technical devices or specially created conditions designed for immediate or at a specified time ignition from an external source of fire;

3) by creating favorable conditions for spontaneous combustion of any substances and materials.

In cases of arson, the following circumstances are established:

1) signs of the object subjected to arson;

2) the time of the beginning and end of the fire, its scale, intensity of burning, direction of fire spread;

3) the environment in which the fire took place;

4) what was burning inside the room, what materials, substances that were here contributed to the spread of the fire;

5) how many people and who exactly was in the room at the time of the start and during the fire, who and how managed to save;

6) the nature, type and amount of material damage, other damage caused by fire, other accompanying or caused by it processes, phenomena;

7) in what place of the object, by what means and in what way the arson was committed;

8) whether the fire caused an explosion or other harmful consequences, what, where, when it exploded;

9) what specifically and whose actions led to the fire;

10) what event preceded;

11) what changes in the situation at the scene of the incident were made during the extinguishing of the fire, other actions before the arrival of the investigator.

The objectives of the site inspection are:

1) determination of the combustion zone;

2) establishing signs of a fire;

3) identification of signs indicating the immediate cause of the fire;

4) search and detection of traces and means of arson if there are signs of such an act;

5) determining what property was at the facility before the fire, what items were destroyed by fire, burned, remained unchanged;

6) if the fire is associated with the death of people, the destruction of animals, the discovery and study of their remains, the collection of data on the number of dead, the cause of their death.

Fire-technical expertise in cases of this category is carried out in order to clarify the following issues:

1) where and when the fire started, what is the path of fire spread;

2) what started to burn earlier;

3) what was the direct cause of the fire;

4) whether the fire could have been caused by spontaneous combustion of such materials, substances;

5) what fire safety rules were violated and by whom, in what way it was expressed;

6) in what condition was the fire-fighting equipment, its effectiveness.

Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.

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