Forensics. Concept and types of presentation for identification. Preparation for presentation for identification (most important)

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Forensics. Concept and types of presentation for identification. Preparation for presentation for identification (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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57. CONCEPT AND TYPES OF PRESENTATION FOR IDENTIFICATION. PREPARATION FOR PRESENTATION FOR IDENTIFICATION

presentation for identification - an independent investigative action, which consists in identifying a previously perceived object according to its mental or other image.

Goal carrying out identification - identification of an object that was previously perceived by the identifying person in connection with the commission of a crime.

Forms of presentation for identification:

1) presentation to identify the object in kind;

2) presentation for identification by images.

Types of presentation for identification:

1) depending on the objects presented for identification:

a) people;

b) items;

c) animals;

d) corpses or their parts;

e) premises or areas of the terrain;

2) depending on the nature of the signs, with the help of which identification is carried out:

a) according to external morphological features;

b) according to functional features.

Preparation for identification:

1) interrogation of an identifying person;

2) selection of objects for identification;

3) selection of participants in an investigative action;

4) selection of time for the identification;

5) preparation of scientific and technical means for fixing the progress and results of presentation for identification.

During the interrogation, it is clarified from the identifying person when and under what circumstances he saw an identifiable person or an identifiable object, as well as signs and features by which he can identify a person or object. A person is presented for identification together with other persons, if possible outwardly similar to him, at least three persons are presented for identification together with the person being identified.

Similarity - a single sex, the absence of national differences, similarity in age, physique, height, clothing. The object is presented for identification in a group of homogeneous objects with a number of at least three, but not more than nine (the maximum number of objects is not limited by law, but according to the "Miller's Seven Law" a person can perceive and focus his attention on 7 objects).

Homogeneous items - items that have similar generic characteristics and a single name, similar to each other in appearance, shape, size, color, design and other features. The corpse can be represented in the singular. In case of damage to the head and face of the corpse, with the help of a specialist, a toilet or restoration of the corpse is performed.

Presentation for identification of a person is carried out in the following cases:

1) when the interrogated person declares that he does not know the person about whom he testified, but he saw him, remembers and can identify him;

2) when the interrogated person reports about one of his acquaintances, but the latter denies the testimony and claims that the interrogated person is unknown to him;

3) when it is necessary to establish the identity of a person who does not have documents or who has presented documents whose authenticity is in doubt.

Photo Requirements when conducting identification from a photograph, if it is impossible to present an identifiable object in kind:

1) uniform scale of submitted photographs;

2) the same type of paper on which the photographs are made;

3) the persons depicted in the photograph must be in the same position, have a similarity in appearance and clothing.

Authors: Aleinikov A.G., Salova E.E.

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