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What were the results of the struggle for independence of the British colonies? Detailed answer
Directory / Big encyclopedia. Questions for quiz and self-education Did you know? What were the results of the struggle for independence of the British colonies? The first English settlements on the territory of the modern United States appeared at the beginning of the XNUMXth century. By the middle of the eighteenth century. There were three types of colonies: New England, South and Mid-Atlantic. Politically, they had a lot in common. Most of the power belonged to the governor, appointed by the English king. Many had colonial assemblies, although their rights were limited. The most developed in socio-economic terms were the colonies in New England. In the southern colonies, the labor of slaves brought from Africa was widely used. The mid-Atlantic colonies became the center of grain farming and trade. Thus, the financial resources of the colonies accumulated in New York and Philadelphia. By the middle of the eighteenth century. a single internal market began to form in the colonies, trade relations developed. The settlers developed a single historical destiny, the common language was English. This changed the nature of the relationship between the colonies and the mother country. Britain tried to rigidly tie the colonies to itself. Until the middle of the eighteenth century. the parties managed to avoid conflict situations. But the situation changed dramatically after the Seven Years' War, which most researchers regard as the starting point of the confrontation that led to the formation of the United States. During the war of the British against the French colonists, the British had to turn to the help of the inhabitants of their American colonies. Those willingly helped the British, believing that, by ousting the French, they would gain access to new lands. But the inhabitants of the English colonies were not allowed to enter the lands that had gone to England after the war. Moreover, England passed a number of laws restricting the rights of colonists. The latter launched a protest campaign against the oppression of rights. The British government also did not give up trying to maintain control over the development of its colonies. Then the idea of a boycott of English goods arose among the colonists. In 1773, the people of Boston attacked English ships in port and threw bales of taxed tea overboard. This event became known as the Boston Tea Party. In response, measures were taken that outraged the colonists. In 1774, the 1st Continental Congress met in Philadelphia, in which representatives from all the colonies took part. But at this stage, the colonists did not yet seek to bring matters to a break with England. But in England, the attitude towards the initiatives of the colonists was different. In April 1775, armed clashes began between the British troops and detachments of colonists, ready to defend their rights with weapons in their hands. Thus began the War of Independence. The colonists entrusted the creation of a regular army to J. Washington, who had a reputation as a capable military leader. The positions of the supporters of a break with England were strengthened. As a result, on July 4, 1776, the Congress, sitting in Philadelphia, adopted the Declaration of Separation from England. The declaration proclaimed the creation of an independent state - the United States of America (USA). Its author was T. Jefferson, one of the prominent figures in the American Revolution. The Declaration of Independence proclaimed the principle of popular sovereignty as the basis of the state system, affirmed the rights of the people to revolt against the enslavers, to life, freedom, equality. July 4th is celebrated in the United States as Independence Day. However, it was not enough to proclaim independence - it had to be won. The fate of the young state was decided on the battlefields. The colonists were opposed by the regular army of the British. In 1777, in the Battle of Saratoga, the Americans managed to break the resistance of the British. In 1781, the American army inflicted a decisive defeat on the British at the battle of Yorktown, which predetermined the outcome of the civil war. In 1783, a peace treaty was signed, according to which England recognized the formation of the United States and the expansion of their territories. In 1787, in Philadelphia, a special meeting of state representatives drafted the US Constitution, which consolidated the republican system, headed by the president of the country. George Washington became the first head of the USA. Author: Irina Tkachenko
Why is alcohol served in smaller doses on an airplane than on the ground? The reason is the lower air pressure in the cabin of an airliner compared to the surface of the earth. In such conditions, alcohol has a three times stronger effect on a person.
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