How did a sailor survive on a raft in the ocean for 133 days without water or food? Detailed answer

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How did a sailor survive on a raft in the ocean for 133 days without water or food? Detailed answer

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How did a sailor survive on a raft in the ocean for 133 days without water or food?

In 1942, a German submarine sank a British merchant ship. A sailor of Chinese origin, Lin Peng, who served on it, managed to jump overboard in a life jacket, and then found a free raft in the water. The small supplies of water and biscuits on the raft quickly ran out. A sailor, drifting on a raft across the Atlantic Ocean, collected rainwater and ate raw fish, which he caught with a makeshift fishing rod, and once he managed to catch a seagull and suck the blood out of it. So he sailed for 133 days until the raft washed up on the Brazilian coast. Lin Peng lost only 9 kg and was immediately able to walk without assistance.

Authors: Jimmy Wales, Larry Sanger

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Where were the first modern Olympic Games held?

In the town of Much Wenlock, Shropshire, in 1850. The games were held there annually and inspired Baron de Coubertin to organize the Athens Olympics in 1896: "Much Wenlock is a town in Shropshire, a county on the border with Wales, and if the Olympic Games, which modern Greece could not revive, exist today, it's only because of Dr. William Penny Brooks, and not some Greek."

Brooks firmly believed that a rigorous exercise program would help people become truly good Christians by keeping them out of the pubs. Knowledge of the history of the ancient Olympics inspired Brooks in 1841 to create the Much-Wenlock Society for the Propagation of Physical Culture.

The first annual "Brooks Olympic Games" were held in 1850 for the winners in running, long jump, football, throwing rings and cricket, small cash prizes were established. Gradually, more and more new sports were added to the original program of competitions, such as blindfolded wheelbarrow running, pig racing, and even something like medieval jousting tournaments of riders with spears at the ready. The winners were crowned with laurel wreaths and medallions depicting Nike, the ancient Greek goddess of victory.

Word of the "Wenlock Olympics" spread very quickly, attracting participants from all over Britain. Soon it reached Athens, and the King of Greece, George I, even sent a pure silver medal to Much Wenlock to reward the winner.

Dreaming of the revival of the ancient games at the international level, Brooks in 1865 created the National (British) Olympic Association and arranged its first tournament in the Crystal Palace in London. However, there were no rich sponsors, and the leading athletes of that time, having treated the idea with disdain, completely ignored this event.

In 1888, Brooks began an active correspondence with Pierre de Coubertin. In 1890, the Baron came to Shropshire to see the Wenlock Games with his own eyes. During the visit, he planted an oak tree with his own hands, which still stands in the town. Upon returning home, Coubertin makes a firm decision to restore the ancient tradition and in 1894 creates the International Olympic Committee (IOC).

Using wealth, authority and political connections, Coubertin succeeded where Brooks had failed. In the summer of 1896, the first international revival of the ancient Olympiad took place in Athens.

Dr. Brooks did not live to see his dream come true for only a year. He died at the age of 86. The Wenlock Games are still held annually in honor of its founder.

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It is still not entirely clear where migraines come from: they say that stress, genes, hormones, alcohol, weather, and much more are to blame. Not so long ago, it was noticed that migraine often accompanies being overweight, according to another hypothesis, systematic headaches arise ... due to a small brain. Some experts believe that in each individual case, in order to find out the causes of migraine, it is generally necessary to conduct special diagnostic experiments.

All this, of course, does not contribute to the correct diagnosis: how to understand that a headache in a particular case is a sign of a migraine, and not something else? (Migraine, we recall, is a special neurological disease that is not associated with either a stroke, or trauma, or a tumor, or jumps in arterial or intracranial pressure.) It would be much easier for doctors if it could be determined by biochemical analysis - that is, if migraine would have a clear biomarker. Researchers from Johns Hopkins University believe that there is such a marker - it is a kind of lipid molecules called sphingolipids.

Lee Peterlin (Lee Peterlin) and her colleagues analyzed blood samples taken from several dozen women with episodic migraine (episodic migraine differs from the chronic frequency of attacks - in the episodic version, they occur no more than 14 times a month). It turned out that they had lower levels of ceramide sphingolipids: 6 nanograms per milliliter versus 000 ng/ml in those who did not suffer from migraine. At the same time, women with migraine had more sphingolipids of another variety - sphingomyelins. In general, sphingolipids play an important role in the regulation of energy balance and inflammation. It is quite possible that when they become larger or smaller than expected, a person begins to suffer from headaches, but the authors themselves do not yet claim any causal relationship - additional research is needed here.

Nevertheless, sphingolipids seem to be quite suitable for objective diagnostics: in order to confirm their own results, the authors of the work invited several more women to the laboratory and tried to guess which of them suffered from migraine by the level of lipids in the blood. And everything worked out - it turned out to be possible to identify patients by a blood test. However, before promoting this method to the clinic, it will be necessary to reproduce the results on a larger sample of patients. And at the same time, to clarify how things are with sphingolipids not only in women, but also in men, and not only with episodic, but also with chronic migraine.

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