About the planets of a star will tell its photosphere. Free Technical Library News

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About the planets of a star will tell its photosphere

05.03.2012

An international group of scientists came to the conclusion that the study of the composition of the photosphere of a star allows us to find out how its planets were formed, and what environmental conditions developed on them.

The new study is important for modeling the formation of planets, as well as determining the composition of their atmospheres and climatic conditions. Theoretical studies show that C/O (carbon/oxygen) and Mg/Si (magnesium/silicon) are the most important ratios of chemical elements in determining the mineralogy of terrestrial planets. The C/O ratio controls the distribution of silicon among carbides and oxides, while Mg/Si gives information about silicates.

In 2010, scientists ran simulations of planet formation that took the chemical composition of the protoplanetary cloud as an input. It has been found that the terrestrial planets can have very different chemical compositions and be very different from the Earth. The scientists then conducted the first detailed study of the abundances of C, O, Mg and Si in 61 stars with discovered planets and in 270 stars where no planets were found (using HARPS GTO data). As a result, it turned out that the ratios of the elements differ from the ratios that we observe on the Sun. Thus, there is a wide variety of planetary systems that are very different from our solar system.

Many stars have an Mg/Si ratio of less than 1, so their planets have an abundance of silicon, which forms compounds like MgSiO3 (magnesium silicate). This may have important implications for planetary processes such as plate tectonics, atmospheric composition and volcanism, i.e. ultimately influence the possibility of the origin of life.
Thus, there may be billions of terrestrial planets in the Universe, but the vast majority of them may have completely different internal and atmospheric features that we on Earth can hardly even imagine.

As an example, the researchers cite the 55Cnc planetary system, where it is possible with a high degree of probability to predict a decrease in the amount of aluminum and calcium as the planets move away from the central star. On the other hand, the inner terrestrial planets (within 0,5 AU of the star) contain significant amounts of refractory elements such as aluminum and calcium (about 47% of the planetary mass).

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Panasonic will create TVs 16 times clearer than Full HD 05.05.2012

Panasonic is working with Japan's state broadcaster NHK to develop a 145-inch plasma TV with a panel resolution of 7680 x 4320 pixels, SlashGear reports citing Panasonic's Japanese website.

Note that the resolution of 7680 x 4320 pixels is 16 times higher than the resolution of the Full HD format (1920 x 1080 pixels).
The new TV is reportedly intended to promote the Super Hi-Vision technology that NHK has been working on for the past few years.

Currently, there are no TV networks capable of transmitting an image in 8K (7680 x 4320 pixels), but this is a matter of time. NHK is currently developing a suitable camcorder that would allow this recording to be played back on a Panasonic TV in native resolution.

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