History of state and law of foreign countries. Independence of Latin American States (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

History of state and law of foreign countries. Independence of Latin American States (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

Independence of Latin American states

Education U.S.A and the Great French Revolution - two events of world-historical significance - marked the beginning of the liberation revolution throughout the Western Hemisphere. Her first thunder came from a small Haitibut was heard all over the world.

В August 1791 black slaves Haiti raised the banner of rebellion against France, from which they vainly expected freedom, and against their own oppressors and freedom Haiti was conquered (1804).

Early XIX century. Spanish colonies in America experienced the pre-revolutionary situation. Deep discontent reigned not only among the masses of Indians, mestizos, and blacks. The indigenous white population of the country, the so-called Creoles (descendants of Spanish settlers), of whom there were at least 3 million, did not want to accept the fact that all the main posts in the army and administration of the colonies were in the hands of natives Spain.

War France против Spain, which led to the accession to the Spanish throne of one of Bonaparte (1808), created favorable conditions for the national liberation revolution in the Spanish colonies.

Started in Venezuela April 19, 1810, the uprising against Spanish oppression spread with extraordinary speed to the neighboring New Granada (July 1810), which had the center Bogota (now Colombia), And La Plato (May 1810) centered at Buenos Aires (now Argentina) and so on. September 1810 armed struggle against Spain started in Mexico, where the tasks of national liberation and fundamental social transformations were most consistently combined. The uprising in Mexico became in the full sense of the nation. Only in 1820 BC, after the two first leaders of the uprising (priests Dolores Miguel Hidalgo и Jose Maria Morelos) were captured and executed, the leadership of the uprising passed into the hands of conservative elements controlled by landowners.

The war was fought for a long time with varying success. A new phase began in 1816 BC and ended only 1826 BC To the beginning 1824 Spain retained its dominance only in Peru. Finally, in January 1826, after a fierce struggle that cost many victims, the Spanish forces had to capitulate here too.

During the war of liberation all new Latin American states arose and declared their independence: the United Mexican States (since 1821), United Provinces of Central America, Colombia, Peru, Chile, Paraguay, Bolivia. In 1826 BC The Constituent Congress of the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata created the state Argentina and adopted its constitution.

В 1830 BC with the collapse of the Colombian federation Venezuela, Ecuador и New Granada, which later became Colombia (since 1886)became independent republics. In the same 1830 BC in the fight against Argentina Uruguay seeks recognition of its independence. Finally, in 1839 BC the Central American Federation breaks up, and declare themselves independent states Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica и Salvador.

В 1844 BC seeks national independence for the Dominican Republic, 1903 BC a republic emerges Panama.

Thus, together with formally independent Cuba (since 1898) by the end XIX century. in Latin america there were twenty independent nation-states.

The collapse of the Spanish colonies into many republics was the result of local separatism, characteristic of any feudal landownership. The basis for political fragmentation was the old Spanish provinces, which in their totality constituted some kind of viceroyalty - the New Spain (Mexico and Central American regions, as well as Cuba and Haiti), New Granada (northern provinces of South America) etc.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

<< Back: America's conquest

>> Forward: United States of America and Latin America

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ International economic relations. Crib

▪ Pedagogy for teachers. Crib.

▪ Urology. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Fingerprints tell about nationality 11.10.2015

Fingerprints are unique to each person, which is why they are one of the most effective means of identification. A recent study found that fingerprints also reveal a person's lineage.

Forensic experts and anthropologists study fingerprints, using different methods and without combining their findings. Anthropology focuses on drawings of the papillary pattern (the so-called "first-level details"), while forensic science focuses on details of the second and third levels: the ends of papillary lines, their branches and intersections.

As part of the new scientific work done by American specialists, both methods are taken into account. Anthropologists from Washington State University and North Carolina State University studied the fingerprints of 243 people, both men and women of African American and European ancestry, looking at them at all three levels at once. There were no significant differences between the prints of men and women; however, when comparing samples of all ethnic groups, the difference was noticeable.

Thus, fingerprints can be used to establish nationality with high accuracy and trace the connection with ancestors. At the same time, anthropologists managed to identify all the differences thanks to the forensic method. In the future, scientists plan to continue research on a larger sample of people; the discovery may be useful in anthropology to study the history of various populations.

Other interesting news:

▪ Robots instead of astronauts

▪ Super glue that can withstand record temperatures

▪ How to name the medicine

▪ WiFi MP3 player

▪ Astronauts go into outer space for the first time

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ site section Computer devices. Article selection

▪ article Linen lift. Tips for the home master

▪ article Where do sea gypsies live, and what do they do? Detailed answer

▪ Article Observation of urination. Health care

▪ article for a radio amateur designer. Directory

▪ article French ball drop. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews