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Astronauts go into outer space for the first time

18.10.2019

Today, NASA astronauts Jessica Meir and Christina Koch, as part of the first-ever women's mission, went into outer space from the International Space Station to repair the ISS power equipment. The broadcast is on the NASA website.

The astronauts will be in outer space for six and a half hours. They will have to repair the element of the power supply system that provides the ISS with energy when the station is in the shadow of the Earth. They will also prepare the conditions for future missions outside the station.

This is the 221st EVA from the ISS.

The first all-female spacewalk in history was originally supposed to take place back in March. It was supposed to be carried out by Christina Koch and Ann McLane, but that time it did not work out. At the last moment, it turned out that there were no two spacesuits of the same size at the station, and McClain's partner, Christina Koch, went into space.

Meir became the 15th woman to spacewalk and the 14th woman from the United States.

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Western Digital's HDD capacity doubles 21.03.2013

A new technology for manufacturing hard disk platters doubles the capacity of today's hard drives and solves the problem of further increasing data density. Researchers at Hitachi GST, which was acquired by Western Digital in March 2012, have developed a new method for manufacturing hard drive platters. It allows you to double the capacity of drives and continue to increase capacity over time, according to Technology Review.

The information in a hard disk is stored in a magnetic material on the surface of a rotating platter. During the manufacturing process, this material is applied to the plate in the form of a thin film. Information is recorded by changing the orientation of the magnetic field of individual sections of the material, known as domains. A group of domains with one direction of the magnetic field forms one bit of information.

The technology for storing information in domains was developed in the 50s, since then scientists have repeatedly come up with ways to increase the recording density by reducing the area of ​​​​areas required to store one bit. However, it is impossible to reduce these areas indefinitely, because the phenomenon of superparamagnetism begins to manifest itself, in which the magnetic field in the areas of the disk surface takes the same direction as in neighboring areas, which leads to the loss of information. At present, producers are approaching the border beyond which further reduction of areas will not be possible.

To solve the problem, HGST scientists placed magnetic dots, 10 nm in diameter, on the magnetic platter of a hard drive using nanoprinting technology, placing them next to each other in a circle. The researchers demonstrated the ability of the magnetic head to write and read data from these points. They were able to fit 1,2 trillion "magnetic islands" onto one square inch of a platter - enough to store about 1 TB on a 2,5-inch platter, twice the density of today's hard drives. And since the diameter of the dots can be reduced, the density can be even higher.

Nanoprinting technology first appeared in the mid-90s. Its essence lies in applying a soft material to the target surface using a hard stamp with a special stencil. The imprint is used to modify the surface by etching or applying an additional layer. The soft material is then removed and the surface takes on the desired pattern.

Hard drives using nanoprinting technology could be commercially available by the end of this decade, scientists say. According to vice president of HGST Research Currie Munce, nanoprinting technology will be able to approach the physical limit in 15-20 years.

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