History of state and law of foreign countries. Socialist revolution of 1919 in Hungary. Formation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic (most important)

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History of state and law of foreign countries. Socialist revolution of 1919 in Hungary. Formation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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Socialist revolution of 1919 in Hungary. Formation of the Hungarian Soviet Republic

Opening this issue, it must be said that the socialist revolution 1919 BC Hungary responded very violently to the victory of Soviet power in Russia. First half 1918 BC took place in an atmosphere of incessant strikes and demonstrations, the slogan of which was "follow the example of the Russians".

Great general strike October 31, 1918 turned into a revolution, at the first stage - bourgeois-democratic. The government that came to power October 31, 1918, was composed of representatives of the bourgeois-landowner parties. Several ministerial posts were given to Social Democrats. Opposing social and political reforms, including agrarian reform, the government Caroli should have nevertheless gone for the proclamation of Hungary as a republic and the abolition of the constitution 1867 (November 16, 1918).

The struggle to transform the bourgeois-democratic revolution into a socialist revolution was led by the Communist Party of Hungary.

К March 1919 The Communist Party has become the decisive force in the country. The vast majority of workers and soldiers were on its side. Objective conditions were created for the socialist revolution.

Frightened by the threat of an armed uprising and occupation, in an atmosphere of political and economic collapse, the leaders of the Hungarian Social Democracy, not without serious hesitation, decided to create a single socialist government based on a bloc of Social Democrats and Communists. The agreement between the parties took place in the Budapest transit prison, where the leaders of the Communist Party were imprisoned.

It was decided that the two parties would unite on the basis of a platform, the party immediately takes political power into its hands and proclaims the dictatorship of the proletariat in Hungary. The bourgeoisie will be disarmed, its state apparatus will be liquidated. The Red Army will be created immediately. The Soviet government will enter into a fraternal alliance with the government of Soviet Russia.

Government Caroli retired.

March 21, 1919 his place was taken by the Revolutionary Government Council of the Hungarian Soviet Republic. The socialist revolution has taken place.

The first measure Soviet government of Hungary was the armament of the proletariat. On a volunteer basis, the Red Army was created to fight the counter-revolution and the Red Guard (police). The old courts were replaced by revolutionary tribunals.

By subsequent decrees (March 27 and 28) industry and banks were nationalized. Enterprises employing more than 20 workers became state property. The management of the nationalized enterprises passed into the hands of the production commissars, who acted under the control of the factory committees.

The transfer of power into the hands of the working people, the revolutionary decrees of the new government, the policy of building socialism received the highest sanction in decisions Hungarian Congress of Soviets (June 1919). Constitution adopted by the congress Hungarian socialist federal Soviet republic was built on the model Constitution of the RSFSR of 1918

The supreme power was entrusted All-Hungarian Congress of Soviets, and in the intervals between congresses Central Executive Committee (CEC), elected at the congress. Government of Hungary - Council of People's Commissars - appointed by the Central Election Commission.

The Hungarian Soviet Republic lasted until August 1, 1919 (133 days). The superior forces of the counter-revolution broke the resistance of the Hungarian Red Army.

After many months of counter-revolutionary terror in Hungary the monarchy was restored.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

<< Back: Results of the November Revolution of 1917-1918

>> Forward: Formation of an independent Polish state

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