History of state and law of foreign countries. The struggle for independence in the United States of America (the most important)

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History of state and law of foreign countries. The struggle for independence in the United States of America (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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The struggle for independence in the United States of America

When considering this issue, it should be noted that Соединенные Штаты Америки as an independent state were proclaimed in 1776 BC At the same time, it took the American people another seven difficult years of war with England to ensure their independence. Only in 1783 by the Treaty of Versailles England recognized state sovereignty. Meanwhile, let's pay attention to the very course of the war for independence. America.

Thus, the War of Independence USA had its own characteristics.

Here the main driving force of the revolution was the lower classes:

1) farmers;

2) workers;

3) artisans;

4) small owners.

Most of the bourgeoisie, who acted in alliance with the landed aristocracy, went over to the side of the patriots.

During the war for independence, the following problems had to be solved:

1) abolish slavery;

2) allow free access to lands beyond the Allegheny Mountains;

3) to give freedom of entrepreneurial activity to the commercial and industrial bourgeoisie;

4) achieve recognition of the political rights of the settlers to self-government.

April 19, 1775 between the colonists and the British troops began open hostilities. The American Revolution took on a popular, national liberation character. May 10 at Philadelphia opened Second Continental Congress, which sat intermittently until 1779 BC Due to the emergency situation, the congress turned from a consultative body into a plenipotentiary assembly of representatives of all the colonies. He began to fulfill the functions of the federal revolutionary government. Colonel J. Washington was appointed commander in chief. In June, the creation of a regular army of volunteers was announced. In response, the king declared the colonies in a state of rebellion. It should be noted that part of Congress believed that a compromise could be achieved by a peaceful settlement of the dispute with England. This explains the adoption of resolutions expressing loyal feelings towards the king even at a time when blood was shed on both sides. Many decisions of the congress were vague, as the representatives of the bourgeoisie and the aristocracy were afraid of the people. In response to the blockade of ports, Congress repealed all English trade laws, authorized privateering, confiscated the property of the king's officials, and offered to imprison them. The war for independence was intertwined with the civil war of the patriots against the royalists (supporters of England).

Considering colonial America, we can say that the government England considered the colonies as markets and a source of raw materials. It infringed on the interests of the not yet strong American bourgeoisie. At the same time, the Americans were not allowed to engage in the slave trade - a very profitable business. The transport of goods was carried out only by English ships, although a third of them were built in North America. The colonists were deprived of the opportunity to produce many iron products. Government England resolutely opposed the unification of the colonies and in every possible way hindered their desire for political independence.

The colonies in North America were divided into three types:

1) privately owned;

2) owned by companies;

3) actually royal.

They were run by governors. Management was carried out on the basis of royal charters. Judicial disputes were resolved by common or statutory law England. It was assumed as obvious that this right does not apply to the native population and is valid only among white settlers. The first attempts to establish communication between the colonies were made back in 50s of the XVIII century.

The desire of the representatives of the colonies to convince the king to make concessions was crushed by refusal.

Author: Selyanin A.V.

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