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41. POLITICAL CULTURE
To deepen the understanding of the specifics of political phenomena and processes in general political life allows the analysis of political culture.
A major contribution to the study of this problem was made by G. Almond, S. Verba, J. Powell. In their works, political culture appears as a special subjective perspective of politics. Political culture embodies the motivation of a person’s political activity in the form of spiritual motivations - orientations. Political culture in this case is presented as a socio-psychological attitude that determines the most stable and typical patterns and rules of political behavior of interaction between the power of the individual and society in the political system.
But political culture is influenced by political experience and traditions. This implies the recognition of the existence of objectified forms of political culture, i.e., recognized by society and existing as a reality of political signs, symbols, values, norms, institutions.
Political culture in this case forms the basis of consciousness and behavior of subjects. Political culture permeates all spheres of political life and includes both the culture of political consciousness, the behavior of individuals, groups, parties, and the culture of political institutions and organizations functioning in a given country.
Political culture also presupposes a culture of domination. In this case, the subject of analysis is the quality of the work of the institutions of power and administration that make up the political system, the explanation and evaluation of the ways in which power relations function.
The most complete description of the structure of political culture is provided by a sociological analysis of its constituent elements. The basic element of political culture is semantic.
From this position, political culture appears as a set of signs and symbols endowed with a certain meaning, through which communication and retransmission of political experience, knowledge, ideas, concepts are carried out.
In this regard, great importance is attached to political language, which objectifies ideas and concepts.
A special kind of signs are political symbols that act as a visible expression of the main idea of a particular political phenomenon.
The most common political symbols include, first of all, national-state symbols: flags, coats of arms, anthems.
With the help of these symbols, the self-identification of the nation is carried out.
The core of political culture is the value-normative system. It is an important motivating factor in political behavior.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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