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66. CAUSES OF GLOBAL PROBLEMS
By their origin, global problems are the result of human activity, generated by the spontaneous development of civilizations, delimitation of cultural centers and peripheries, uneven scientific, technical, economic, socio-political and cultural development of countries and regions.
So, problem of the threat of thermonuclear war generated by the factor of fear, which stimulates an increase in the arms race for the purpose of self-defence. Solving this problem will create favorable opportunities for solving other problems.
Its solution will make it possible to free up colossal funds directed to the arms race. This problem is also a priority because of its fatality (there will be neither winners nor losers in a thermonuclear war). Attempts are being made to stop the arms race, but so far this problem is far from being resolved.
Ecological problem generated by the reckless and spontaneous needs of industrial society.
The excessive use by man of the achievements of scientific and technological progress has led to an increase in the load on all systems of the biosphere: the atmosphere, hydrosphere, lithosphere, flora and fauna.
The result of this was air and water pollution, the death of fauna and flora, the appearance of ozone holes, climate change, etc. But if in previous centuries nature was still able to self-repair, then in the XNUMXth century. human intervention in natural processes turned out to be so strong that the balance in the relationship between man and nature, nature and society was disturbed, which created a threat of destruction of the human habitat.
There is a gap between the level of development of different countries. Most of the world's population lives in developing countries. These countries have a significant stock of natural resources, but produce a smaller part of the world's gross domestic product. Economic underdevelopment gives rise to poverty, insolvency, social instability, and aggressiveness. But, despite this, developed countries continue to use the resources of developing countries to maintain a high standard of living, dooming developing countries to constant economic and social backwardness. This leads to a state of global instability and social tension.
Cultural achievement of humanity (excess of birth rate over death rate) also entails a negative consequence - anthropogenic pressure on the biosphere increases. This leads to a shortage of natural resources. Scientists propose to reduce anthropogenic pressure through depopulation and population control. There are other opinions on this issue.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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