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64. POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SIDES OF CULTURAL UNIVERSALIZATION
Concept of cultural universalization
proceeds from the fact that at a certain stage of human evolution, culture will lose its still-preserving ethno-national and other definitions and will become simply human - a manifestation of man, regardless of the diverse forms of his expression. This process will occur under the condition of the interpenetration of cultures, their mutual enrichment, and will stimulate the general cultural development of mankind.
But theoretical ideas about such a cultural future in real practical refraction often turn into a unification of culture, reducing it to some average form.
This process does not enrich cultural development, but impoverishes it. Culture thus loses its individuality.
A unified culture relies on the average capabilities of consumers, which reduces the ability to comprehend its deep essence. The planting of cultural and behavioral stamps distorts many cultural values. Under the influence of the media, television, the Internet, it is possible to go into virtual reality, which distracts people from comprehending the problems of immediate reality.
As a result, there is a decrease in the level of culture.
Negative factor is also a process of technization. Man ceases to create, the machine does it for him. The cult of technology reveals the inadequacy of the socio-cultural development of man to his industrial power. The development of technology, along with many positive aspects, is associated with many risks, critical situations (for example, an environmental crisis).
The prospect of losing many of the identity characteristics of a particular culture does not suit everyone.
Therefore, along with tendencies towards universalization in socio-cultural development, there are also opposite tendencies, which are called particularistic.
The ideological basis of particularism is the idea of an independent, isolated development of cultures.
Particular emphasis is placed on the need for identification characteristics of cultures, their preservation.
Particularism acts as a healthy beginning in the conditions of forcible unification of economic, political, social and cultural life.
It should be noted that these trends - universalism and particularism - are interconnected, their dynamic interaction contributes to understanding how the process of cultural development takes place, which contributes to their interconnection, borrowing, and what in cultures deepens rejection, condemnation, rejection.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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