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72. INFLUENCE OF ORTHODOXY ON THE FORMATION OF RUSSIAN CULTURE
The most important cultural event in the life of Ancient Russia was the adoption of Christianity by Prince Vladimir in 988.
The choice of religion largely determined the close economic, political and cultural ties between Russia and Byzantium.
Christian religion contributed to the ideological formation of a centralized grand ducal power, which was essential to preserve the integrity of the country, which was surrounded by not always friendly neighboring formations. Statehood, in turn, acted as a guarantor of faith.
With the introduction of Christianity, the international prestige of the country increased, its history began to develop in line with the common European tradition.
But the Russian Church, which adopted the Byzantine doctrine, was autocephalous. The result of this situation was cultural isolation, local isolation of this church from Western Europe.
Orthodoxy was alien to any serious attempts at reformation. Orthodoxy was affirmed as the final truth and there was no such authority that could change it.
On this soil, a messianic consciousness was born - an idea of the special destiny of Russia given by God in the history of mankind.
Messianic representations later developed by the Slavophiles, disputes about the purpose of Russia do not subside even now. (The messianic tradition was also continued in the Soviet period, when the USSR was perceived as an outpost of progressive humanity.) Nevertheless, the influence of Christianity in the development of the self-consciousness of the Russian people and their culture was significant. The consolidating role of Christianity in the life of Russian society and the state has become especially significant.
The main thing that Christianity gave Russia is writing, book culture. The first books that appeared in Russia were church texts. The Psalter was especially popular. It was most often taught to read and write.
Schools and libraries began to be created at the monasteries. Historical chronicles arose, church architecture and temple painting flourished, and the first legal code, the Russian Truth, was adopted. The era of development of enlightenment and learning has begun. Rus' quickly moved to a place of honor among the countries of Europe.
Especially important was the impact of Christianity on folk morality. The Church waged a struggle against the remnants of pagan life: polygamy, blood feud, barbaric treatment of slaves. She opposed rudeness and cruelty, introduced the concept of sin into the minds of people, preached piety, humanity, mercy to the weak, defenseless.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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