13. CULTURE AND RELIGION

For thousands of years, religion has been and remains an important factor in the cultural life of people. Without faith, pouring out in the form of a certain religion, not a single people existed.

For a long time, religion was the only worldview system within which culture was aware of itself. The meanings and values ​​of human existence, its ethical, moral and aesthetic components were perceived primarily in a religious context. Religion answered the ultimate questions, ascending to the absolute forms of existence and worldview.

The exit of religious knowledge to the Absolute acts through ethical ideas about the world, about what should, about the norms of social interactions, relations between man and nature, ideas about ideals, as well as about the negative absolute characteristics of these principles.

Religion answers the most important questions of human life, the answers to which have not yet been found in other worldview traditions (science first of all).

The inner human need to realize the meaning of life attracts many to religion. Religion allows a person to compensate for the sphere of unrealized possibilities in reality.

In religion, as it were, the removal of eternal social contradictions takes place: real oppression is overcome by "freedom in the spirit", social

inequality turns into equality of sinfulness before God, disunity is replaced by "brotherhood in Christ", human impotence is compensated by the omnipotence of God, the mortal turns out to be immortal, the world of evil and injustice is replaced by the kingdom of God ("kingdom of heaven").

In prayer and repentance, a person overcomes the state of dissatisfaction, finds relief, calmness, and a surge of strength.

Nowadays, the consolidating possibilities of religion, its humanistic potential are recognized as the most significant.

Religion is most closely in contact in the cultural world with the sphere of art and especially morality.

It was these spheres that participated in the formation of a still little explored quality, human spirituality.

Many theologians directly identify religion with morality. The universal foundations of morality, without which no culture can exist, one way or another, in one way or another, are found in almost all world religions (Christianity, Islam, Buddhism). The famous commandments “Thou shalt not kill,” “Thou shalt not steal,” and others are found in all developed religious systems.

Religion, which has accumulated the moral experience of a huge number of previous generations of people, is still an important factor in the regulation of behavior.

Author: Barysheva A.D.

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