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52. TECHNOLOGY AND CULTURE
Concept "technique" as ambiguous as the concept of "culture".
There are a huge number of definitions of technology - a way to subjugate nature, a means of releasing the restrictions of nature, creating an artificial environment, etc.
In a broad sense, technology is a product of human civilization, technical knowledge, part of social progress, social dynamics, in a narrow sense - tools used by man in his activities to transform nature, artificial objects created by man, having their own internal nature and logic of action.
Interaction of technology and culture is quite controversial. But this has been noticed by people recently. Prior to this, technological progress was perceived quite optimistically, the development of science and technology fit into the cultural context, the system of cultural values, and hopes for a better economic and cultural future were associated with their development. Technology enriched human existence, made it possible to expand the habitat, change circumstances, and make life easier.
Technique, included in culture, has a priority in modern civilization.
Without technology, culture (as an artificial environment) is impossible. It was technology that created a new reality, created what nature could not achieve, but at the same time technology increasingly separated man from nature, the natural background of life.
Providing wealth, economic power, technology actively helped man assert his dominance over nature, instilled a sense of people's independence from natural and other circumstances, and strengthened faith in the limitless possibilities of transformative human activity.
As a result of the accelerated process of technization (the constant increase and improvement of the world of tools), human civilization (primarily European) began to acquire a technogenic character. The complexity of technology and its volume began to exceed the controlling capabilities of man. The unpredictability of the consequences for nature and man of the process of the rapid development of technology has increased.
New aspects have appeared in the relationship of man as a creator of culture and technology. The boundaries between man and machine were increasingly blurred, the way of life of a person in the tech world was changing, and the problem of creating artificial intelligence marked the limit to human existence itself.
The cult of science and technology led to the spiritual one-sidedness of human existence, this lowered the possibilities of general cultural development, the harmonious interaction of technology and culture.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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