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18. RELATIONSHIP OF PHILOSOPHY AND CULTURE
Questions of understanding culture as a whole occupy one of the most important places among philosophical problems.
The traditions of philosophical understanding of culture were laid down in the era of antiquity. During further development in the Middle Ages. In modern times, culture (enlightenment, education, upbringing, civilization) remained the key to philosophical understanding.
In the XNUMXth century Philosophy of culture becomes an independent field of philosophical reflection, which made it possible to raise ideas about culture to a high generalizing level, to concentrate everything essential related to knowledge about culture. During the XIX-XX centuries. within its framework, a number of original schools and trends developed that developed the problems of culture, spiritual life, and symbolism.
Philosophical analysis not only studies culture, but also gives its own understanding of culture. Philosophical understanding of culture often turns out to be original, opens up new perspectives and possibilities for understanding the cultural reality of a person. Only from a philosophical point of view is the comprehension of culture occurs in integrity, in all the variety of ways of its being. Philosophy allows you to see the most fundamental foundations of culture.
Philosophy poses a number of problems for culture that are extremely significant in the social world. Such, for example, are ontological problems: questions about the meaning of culture in the perspective of human existence, about the conditions for its existence, about the structure of culture, the reasons for its changes and their general vector of development. In relation to a person, the philosophy of culture raises the question of what is the specificity of his cultural activity. The philosophy of culture also explores fundamental problems, the relationship between culture and nature, culture and creativity.
It should also be emphasized that philosophical interpretations of culture do not imply uniformity.
We can say that there are as many philosophies of culture as there are philosophies, philosophical principles that can take on the function of understanding the phenomena of culture. Since the time when culture became the subject of philosophical reflections, more than one philosophy of culture has arisen.
In many ways, it is the angle of view that is reflected in a particular definition of culture that is the starting point of a particular culture of philosophical concept. Every more or less developed philosophy includes culture as an integral part of its content.
Moreover, the course of development of philosophical thought in recent times is such that culture has become a necessary element of any modern philosophy, sometimes constituting the core of its problems.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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