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2. GOALS AND OBJECTIVES, STRUCTURE OF CULTUROLOGY
Culturology - the field of science, which was formed on the basis of social-scientific and humanitarian knowledge. A significant role in substantiating this science and fixing its name as cultural studies belongs to the English anthropologist Leslie Alvin White. He dedicated his work “The Science of Culture” (1949) to the substantiation of cultural studies.
In his opinion, culture should be considered as a specific order of phenomena, organized according to its own principles and developing according to its own laws.
One of the main goals of culturology is to identify patterns of cultural development that differ from the laws of nature and the material life of a person and determine the specifics of culture as an inherently valuable sphere of being.
Among the main tasks of cultural studies are the following:
1) a deep, complete and holistic explanation of culture, its essence, content, features and functions;
2) the study of the genesis of culture, as well as individual phenomena and processes in culture;
3) determining the place and role of man in cultural processes;
4) development of a categorical apparatus, methods and means of studying culture;
5) interaction with other sciences studying culture;
6) study of the development of various cultures, highlighting the links between elements of culture;
7) study of the typology of cultures and their underlying norms, values and symbols (cultural codes);
8) study of the problems of socio-cultural dynamics.
Cultural studies actively interacts with other sciences. It is a complex of anthropological, humanitarian and sociological knowledge.
In cultural studies, the theory of culture (philosophy of culture), the history of culture, the history of cultural studies, the sociology of culture, cultural anthropology, and applied cultural studies stand out. Each of them has its own object of study, interacts with a certain range of sciences, differs in the language of description, the specifics of analysis, methods and practical significance for solving specific problems.
Comparative (comparative) studies are of great importance for the development of cultural studies. Understanding other cultures not only normalizes intercultural communication, but also helps to better understand their own cultural values.
Currently, against the background of these basic cultural trends, other special studies are being developed (hermeneutics of culture, cultural ecology, etc.). The system of cultural knowledge is in development.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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Anger is easy to see in a person's behavior. Professor Jeffrey Jenkins can now tell how angry you are just by moving your computer mouse.
According to a study conducted by his group, people experiencing anger (or other negative emotions - frustration, excitement, sadness) begin to move the mouse with less accuracy, change the speed of the cursor. Thanks to modern technologies, the professor collected enough information and developed an algorithm that can guess the emotional state of a person by the speed of the cursor moving around the site.
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