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21. DEFINITION OF THE SOCIOLOGY OF CULTURE
In the process of studying culture, interest in culture as a social phenomenon gradually developed, which was due to the need to understand its place in the formation of an individual and society as a whole.
The growing interest in the social aspects of culture led to the emergence of a sociological school in cultural studies, which united those researchers of culture who sought the origins and explanation of it in the social nature of man and in the social organization of people.
Prominent representatives of the sociological school, trying to find the principles that unite society and culture, were O. Comte, E. Durkheim, M. Weber, A. Weber, T. Parsons, P. Sorokin and more
The subject of the sociology of culture is the question of the impact of sociality on culture. Culture is closely linked to society. It is a product of human social life and is impossible outside of it.
Representatives of the sociological school are interested in the social roots and content of cultural phenomena, the impact on culture of the dynamics of social organisms. The study of culture in the context of certain social systems and social processes is also an important task for the sociology of culture. The latter are considered as a significant factor in cultural changes affecting the content of culture.
But the sociological approach has its limits. If the cultural processes of life are considered only as a consequence of social patterns and are completely absorbed by social relations, then this leads to a sociological simplification of the complex phenomenon of culture.
In the sociology of culture, there are three levels of knowledge.
First level characterizes the most general trends in the development of culture.
Second focuses on the levels of culture of various social groups, types of cultural activities, the perception of cultural values, their development by man.
Third level based on sociological information obtained from empirical research.
Sociology of culture relies on many special sociological theories that significantly complement the ideas about cultural processes.
Interdisciplinary connections are established with the sociology of art, the sociology of morality, the sociology of religion, the sociology of science, the sociology of law, ethnosociology, the sociology of age and social groups, the sociology of crime and deviant behavior, the sociology of leisure, the sociology of the city, and other branches of sociological knowledge.
But a higher level of generalization of cultural knowledge is provided by the sociology of culture.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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