Культурология. Переход от индустриальной культуры к постиндустриальной (самое важное)

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Культурология. Переход от индустриальной культуры к постиндустриальной (самое важное)

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60. TRANSITION FROM INDUSTRIAL CULTURE TO POST-INDUSTRIAL

In one of the typologies of culture that studies its dynamics, there are three stages: agrarian, industrial and post-industrial (information), replacing each other due to technological progress.

The first stage was the longest in the history of mankind, other stages developed at an accelerated pace.

Each of these stages was of great importance in the life of mankind.

As part of agricultural history Writing appeared, agriculture and crafts actively developed, cities grew - the sprouts of a future industrial culture.

The origin of the industrial stage of development happened gradually, in the bowels of the old.

Western Europe became the epicenter of the development of industrial culture. Already in the Middle Ages, scope was opened for the widespread use of machines and technical inventions, which subsequently transformed the life world of people, made it more comfortable and convenient.

Gradually, the rational principle in cultural development became dominant. Religion lost its universal role. The 17th century is considered to be the initial century of scientific and technological progress. It is at this time that important scientific and technical discoveries occur. Man for the first time appears as a transformer of nature. Science is the main means of conquering nature. In the 17th century The first forms of scientism emerged, within which it was believed that the laws of development of the world and society could be fully known and the life of society could be scientifically organized, just as the natural world is organized. XIX century became a period of the most active development of science and technology.

This led to fundamental changes and unprecedented achievements in the field of productive forces and material production.

All this became possible due to the emergence of new energy sources - steam, electricity, internal combustion engine. High performance technology was used throughout. A new capitalist system was established.

By the XNUMXth century industrial civilization began to fully realize its potential in all spheres of culture.

But during the heyday of industrial culture, the contradictions inherent in it gradually began to manifest themselves.

In the 1930th century two world wars broke out, the economic crisis of the XNUMXs, and the environmental crisis - all this devalued the importance of rationalism. These and other events and phenomena caused the transition of the industrial era to the post-industrial era. The result of understanding the changes that have occurred in society and culture is postmodernism, which is often defined as the culture of a post-industrial, information society.

Author: Barysheva A.D.

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