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65. DEFINITION OF GLOBAL ISSUES OF MODERNITY
Globalization (from lat. globus - "ball") is the process of growing a phenomenon into a global phenomenon and its transformation into an integral global environment.
Globalization processes become possible when the prerequisites for the emergence of a unified global infrastructure are created, when a certain level of standardization and unification of people's lives is achieved.
The process of globalization is now manifested in almost all areas of people's lives. In the economic sphere, it became possible thanks to the emergence of a free market space, a unified global investment environment, the creation of a unified legislative framework, etc. In the political sphere, a striking manifestation of globalization processes is the attempt to create political supersystems (for example, the Council of Europe, the European Parliament). Under the powerful influence of the United States, the features of a unified political space on a global scale are gradually emerging.
It should be emphasized that not only positive processes of human development, but also negative ones acquire a global character.
The latter arise as a result of the development of society and threaten humanity not only with regression, but in general with its existence. These processes are called the global problems of our time.
First of all, the possibility of thermonuclear war poses a global threat to the existence of life on earth.
On the verge of a dilemma - to disappear or survive - humanity has put the ecological crisis associated with a sharp deterioration in the natural habitat of people.
An equally important global problem is the issue of overcoming the gap in the level of socio-economic and cultural development of various states of the world.
Recently, the demographic crisis associated with increased anthropological pressure on the biosphere has been rapidly among the global problems.
For the first time, the attention of the world community to the existence of global problems was drawn by scientists from the Club of Rome (this is a worldwide non-governmental organization established in 1968).
It was these scientists who, having studied the trends of planetary development, expressed concern about its future state.
It was they who first raised the problem of the limits of population growth, industrial and agricultural production, environmental pollution, etc. With going beyond these limits, humanity will face the problem of depletion of raw materials and food resources and (as a consequence) survival.
The studies of the Club of Rome gave impetus to the study of global problems.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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