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34. ORDINARY AND SPECIALIZED CULTURE
everyday culture connected with the daily practical life of people. The basic knowledge of everyday culture is acquired in the process of socialization, general education and everyday social contacts. This type of culture is focused on the direct provision of human life.
Ordinary culture does not receive institutional consolidation, it covers a small world of man, the sphere of interpersonal communication. But at the level of everyday culture, a new life experience is built on.
Specialized culture arises in the process of historical development, as a result of the division of labor, when specialized professions began to be distinguished in various spheres of human life, for which special education was necessary. Within a specialized culture, people manifest themselves as bearers of social roles, as agents of secondary socialization. The specialized culture is institutionalized. Its components are science, art, philosophy, law, religion, etc.
It should be noted that any field of activity has its own ordinary and specialized level, which coexist within the framework of a single whole.
Usually there are several blocks in culture, represented by both ordinary and specialized culture.
In the field of economic culture, economics, trade, finance, etc. are at a specialized level, and household and garden farming are at the ordinary level.
Political culture at a specialized level is represented by state policy, ideology, management work, and at an ordinary level - interpersonal relationships between people.
The specialized level of legal culture is represented by law, jurisprudence, the system of protecting public order and regulating legal relations, the ordinary level - by morality, morality, and public opinion.
The functional block that makes up the culture of cognition is also presented at various levels. Thus, the specialized level of philosophical culture is represented by the philosophical systems of certain scientists, the everyday level - by common sense and folk wisdom.
Specialized scientific culture - this is professional science, everyday science - rational everyday knowledge about the world.
Specialized religious culture - these are religious teachings, rituals and ceremonies, everyday - the beliefs of people.
More private cultures have the same levels. For example, physical education has both a professional level - sports, and ordinary physical education.
Author: Barysheva A.D.
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