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Sneakers with GPS

25.02.2012

A young inventor from India, Anirudh Sharma, created a prototype of sneakers that suggest the way.

A GPS receiver is mounted in the heel and sole of one of the sneakers. A map of the city and a destination are entered into it via a radio channel from a smartphone, after which the sole begins to vibrate from the side where it should be turned, and so brings it to the right place. In the toe of the sneaker, there is also a laser locator that warns of a possible collision 3 meters before the obstacle.

Mass production of "smart" shoes is not yet planned.

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Genetics is to blame for the aging of the intellect 27.01.2012

A group of Scottish psychologists and Australian geneticists published an article in the latest issue of the journal Nature, which shows that our genes, at least in part, determine the rate of age-related changes that occur in our cognitive abilities, in other words, intellect. The main highlight of their study is that scientists for the first time managed to compare the intelligence of older people with what they had in childhood.

Features of the stability of the intellect and its aging have long been of interest to scientists. There are many works analyzing this characteristic for different age groups, however, for obvious reasons, they were unable to obtain a statistically significant body of data on how intelligence changes in the same people throughout their lives. In 1998, Professor Ian Deary of the University of Edinburgh, along with colleagues, discovered recently declassified data on large-scale studies on the intellectual level of eleven-year-olds conducted in Scotland in 1932 and 1947. Scientists managed to find almost two thousand of those who took part in the study, and examine them again. Comparing archive data with new results, the researchers found a very strong correlation between the intellectual level of older people with what it was in their childhood. However, this dependence turned out to be far from complete, since for some people this indicator changed insignificantly throughout their lives, for others it changed dramatically.

This is a very subtle matter - the intellect. His condition depends on many reasons, both external and internal. It is influenced by the state of health, the level of material well-being, professional affiliation, career success, heredity, etc. etc. Since in this case, scientists were interested in heredity, they conducted a genetic analysis for the entire group of examined people, during which they tracked and compared individual differences for each genome, the so-called SNPs - single nucleotide polymorphisms. In each DNA, they found up to half a million such variations. According to the researchers, a comparison of two thousand genomes does not allow us to draw statistically significant conclusions about which of these SNPs determine the rate of aging of the intellect, however, it gives them the right to assert with confidence that, among many other reasons that affect this characteristic, genetics is one of the main ones - the researchers estimated its influence at 25%.

To "point the finger" at the genes responsible for the rapid aging of intelligence, scientists will need larger data sets. Now they are trying to get to them by gaining access to similar research throughout the UK, not just Scotland.

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