How does a snake inject its venom? Detailed answer

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How does a snake inject its venom? Detailed answer

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How does a snake inject its venom?

In poisonous snakes, one of the salivary glands produces a substance that is dangerous to the victim. This substance is snake venom. The venom of some snakes is so dangerous that it can kill an elephant. In others, this substance is not so toxic. They can only kill a small lizard. Only two hundred venomous snakes out of 412 known species are considered dangerous to humans. Two of them are African snakes: rattlesnake and flying. They have fangs in their mouths.

Fangs are two or three teeth, greatly enlarged and having a groove on one side. Just above the fangs there is an opening leading to a poison-producing gland. When a venomous snake bites, the venom enters the trough and flows through it into the wound made by the fang. The cobra has fangs at the front of its mouth, one on each side. In most cobras, the canine groove is covered, forming a tube. The venom gland is surrounded by muscles. When the snake bites, the muscles press on the gland. This entails the flow of poison into the gutter, and then through the fang into the victim.

A cobra can inject venom from a fang, just like a liquid from a syringe. It's a spitting cobra. She aims directly at the victim's eyes. Its jet reaches almost 2,5 meters and almost always causes blindness. Poisonous snakes have a very perfect venom delivery system. Their fangs are very long, but can fit into the mouth so that the mouth can close. When the mouth opens to bite, the jaw moves forward, carrying the fangs at the correct angle to the throat.

Author: Likum A.

Random interesting fact from the Great Encyclopedia:

Are there time zones around the world?

Today, when we cover huge distances with the help of jet aircraft, the difference in time surprises us even more. If we fly from New York to Los Angeles, then we arrive at the final destination at almost the same time.

The fact is that the territory of the United States is divided into time zones. This decision was made in 1833, when the United States was divided into four time zones - eastern, central, mountainous and Pacific.

This division took place along the meridians - imaginary lines that run along the surface of the Earth and connect the North and South Poles. The time difference of each zone was one hour. Within the zones, the time was the same.

When moving east from one time zone to another, time is added by an hour, when moving west, it is also reduced by one hour. But time zones do not have direct boundaries. The fact is that some areas located close to each other expressed a desire to have the same time. For example, the states of Georgia, most of Florida, and southern Michigan were supposed to be in the central zone, but they exist in eastern zone time.

The entire territory of the globe is divided into time zones, like the United States. Each time zone is 15 degrees along the meridians. Where do the meridians start from?

It starts in the UK, in Greenwich. It is the prime meridian. If you move east from Greenwich, one hour is added to Greenwich time every 15 degrees. When moving west, one hour is deducted accordingly.

So, if it's 12:00 in Greenwich, it's 4:00 in the morning in California, since you've crossed nine 15-degree sections to the west. In Egypt at the same time 14:00, as we crossed two 15-degree intervals to the east.

On the opposite side of the Earth from Greenwich there is an imaginary "Date Line". If we cross it and move west, we lose one day, if we cross it and move east, we "gain" one day as well.

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The innovative supercapacitor design, created by material scientists at Vanderbilt University (USA) under the guidance of Assistant Professor Cary Pint, makes it possible to create photovoltaic cells capable of generating electricity around the clock and not only when the sun is shining.

It is claimed to be the first supercapacitor made entirely from silicon and along with the microelectronic circuit it powers. And it can be used in built-in mobile phone batteries that charge in seconds and last for weeks between charges.

Scientists believe it will be possible to build batteries from the excess silicon found in today's photovoltaic cells, sensors, mobile phones and many other electromechanical devices, reducing the cost of these devices.

"If you ask people to make a supercapacitor out of silicon, they'll tell you it's a crazy idea," said Carey Pint, an assistant professor in the department of mechanical engineering who led the study. "But we've discovered a simple way to do it."

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