Drones and coronavirus. Free Technical Library News

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Drones and Coronavirus

12.06.2021

Malaysian police use drones that can measure temperatures up to 20 meters above the ground. This is another measure to combat the spread of coronavirus. Drones alert regulators to people with high temperatures.

Malaysian police have previously warned they will use drones to enforce previously imposed travel restrictions, and officers in some areas have also said they will be making surprise home visits to make sure people are following the rules.

Previously, reports have already appeared about how the authorities of various countries used unmanned aerial vehicles to monitor compliance with COVID-19 rules. The Spanish authorities have used drones to make sure people visiting beaches are following social distancing rules. In Brussels, Belgium, police used drones with loudspeakers to urge people to "stay at home".

In Australia, drones have been used to catch people without masks, as well as to scan cars parked more than 5km from their owners' homes. In the UK, authorities have come under fire for using drones to monitor dog owners to see if they stray too far from home.

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Human genome cleared of HIV 23.03.2015

American geneticists have learned how to remove DNA fragments of the human immunodeficiency virus from DNA using the CRISPR/CAS "spot" genome editing system, which was originally used by bacteria to protect against retroviruses related to HIV. This paves the way for the creation of a fundamentally new vaccine against the disease, the article says.

"The main advantage of this technology is not only that we can destroy the viral DNA that integrates itself into our genome, but also that it can be used to prevent HIV. By destroying the virus at the earliest stages of its life cycle, we can completely prevent infection cells in much the same way that conventional vaccines work," said Juan Belomonte of the Salk Institute in La Jolla, USA.

According to RIA Novosti, Belmonte and his colleagues have taken a big step towards creating a "genetic" HIV vaccine by experimenting with the recently created CRISPR / CAS system, which allows you to randomly delete and replace individual genes and DNA fragments.

We can say that such an application is a kind of "return to the roots" for this system - it originally developed inside bacteria hundreds of millions of years ago precisely to protect against retroviruses, and only in 2012 Feng Zhang and his colleagues adapted it to change genome of multicellular organisms.

Belmonte's group analyzed the structure of the viral DNA and prepared a set of special markers in the form of short RNA molecules that bind to the genetic sequence of the virus, marking those fragments of the genome that CRISPR/CAS was supposed to remove. The scientists tested the work of these marks and the genome editing system itself on lymphocytes and other cells of the immune system that were already infected with HIV.

As the experiment showed, even the first version of these RNA labels was quite successful - it cleared about 72% of the cells from all traces of the virus. According to scientists, she coped well not only with recently penetrated into the cell of HIV, but also with deep-hidden "sleeping" copies of the virus.

CRISPR/CAS showed itself best of all as a tool for disease prevention - all immune cells, pre-treated with RNA and "genetic editor" molecules, completely avoided infection.

Today, Belmonte and his colleagues are working on the creation of several new sets of RNA tags that will cover more varieties of HIV, which in the future will allow to destroy all particles and copies of the virus in human DNA, thereby preventing its further evolution and mutation. While biologists do not know if HIV can adapt to CRISPR/CAS and how long this process will take, they are working on maximizing the effectiveness of such a vaccine to prevent such an outcome.

Recently, American researchers have introduced a new drug against HIV infection. It blocks two receptors located on the surface of the virus, through which it enters the cells of the immune system.

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