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Three types of people

14.09.2011

Microbiologists divided all people into three types according to the set of bacteria living in their intestines.

An international team of scientists analyzed the DNA from intestinal bacteria of 39 people from different countries and came to the conclusion that, despite all the diversity of the intestinal flora, we are divided into three groups on this basis. They are named after the predominant bacteria: Bacteroides, Prevotella and Ruminococcus. Most of us are of the third type.

The composition of the intestinal community of bacteria does not depend on the age, weight, nationality, diet, or place of residence of the individual. The reasons for such differences are unknown, there are only assumptions: for example, the matter is in the characteristics of the immune system or in which microbe first entered the stomach of a newborn.

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Plastic skin feels the force of touch 22.10.2015

Stanford University engineers have created a plastic "skin" that detects the force of touch and generates an electrical signal that conveys this information to living brain cells.

Seventeen specialists led by Professor Zhenan Bao, who has been working on this direction for ten years, have developed a material that mimics such properties of human skin as plasticity and healing ability. In addition, the invention includes a network of sensors that sense and send information about touch, temperature, and pain to the brain. Ultimately, this development should find application in prosthetic limbs.

According to Ms. Bao, for the first time, it was possible to obtain such a material capable of detecting pressure and transmitting signals to the nervous system. The top layer creates a sensitive mechanism. At the same time, the sensitivity of the sensors is the same as that of human skin. That is, artificial skin is able to easily distinguish between a light touch of a finger and a handshake, for example. The underlying layer transports electrical signals and converts them into biochemical stimuli compatible with nerve cells.

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