Table of contents (expand)
- General characteristics of the period. The emergence of art. Mythology
- Fine arts and the emergence of writing in the primitive era. Development of thinking, accumulation of knowledge
- Features of Chinese culture
- Theatre, music, dance, cinema, painting, architecture and arts and crafts in Chinese culture
- Features of Indian culture. Literature. The science. Religion. Music. Dance. Theater. Movie
- Periodization and general characteristics of the culture of ancient Egypt. Religion. Education and science. Literature
- Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of ancient Egypt
- Features of ancient culture. Religion. Theatre. Music
- Enlightenment, science and literature of ancient culture
- Painting, architecture, sculpture and vase painting of ancient culture
- Features of Japanese culture. Literature. Religion
- Theater, painting, architecture, sculpture and arts and crafts of Japanese culture
- Features of the culture of the Arab countries. Religion. Islam. Life and customs of Muslims. Sharia
- Science, literature, fine arts, calligraphy and architecture of the Arab countries
- General characteristics of the culture of the Middle Ages. Education and science. Worldview. Literature. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Middle Ages
- Features of the culture of the Renaissance. Science, literature and social thought
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Renaissance. Major painters of the Northern Renaissance
- Features of the culture of modern times. Science and technology. Spiritual life of man
- Literature, Social thought, music, fashion, painting, architecture and sculpture of the modern era
- General characteristics of the culture of the twentieth century. Education and science. Museums. Movie
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the XNUMXth century
- Culture of Ancient Russia. The culture of the pagan period. Life of Russia
- Achievements of the Christian culture of Russia
- The genre of the chronicle in the culture of Ancient Russia. Construction of churches. church art
- General features of the culture of the era of fragmentation. Culture of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus
- Culture of Veliky Novgorod and the Moscow principality in the era of fragmentation
- Creation of a special style of temple construction and painting of the XIV-XV centuries. era of fragmentation
- General characteristics of the culture of Russia in the XVI century. Life and social thought
- Science and literacy in Russia in the XNUMXth century. The emergence of printing in Russia
- Painting and architecture in Russia in the XNUMXth century
- General trends in Russian culture of the XNUMXth century. Literature, education, science, painting of the XNUMXth century
- Russian architecture of the XNUMXth century. Rise of civil architecture
- General trends in the culture of the era of Peter the Great. Education, science
- Literature and theatre. Life of the Russian people
- Painting and architecture 1700-1725
- General characteristics of the culture of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign. Education and science
- Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign
- Architecture and sculpture of the era of "palace revolutions" and Catherine's reign
- General characteristics of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half). Development of education, literature and science
- Theater and painting of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half)
- Architecture and Sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian Culture (first half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Golden Age (second half). Education and science
- Literature and social thought, museums, theater, music of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Silver Age. Education and science. Literature. Theater. Cinema
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Silver Age
- General characteristics of the culture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century Education and science. Sport. Literature. Public life. Cinema. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century
- General characteristics of the era of the Great Patriotic War. Education and science
- Literature, music, theater, painting and architecture of the era of the Great Patriotic War
- Features of Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s Education and science
- Standard of living. Literature, social thought of the Soviet era 1950-1980s
- Painting, architecture and sculpture in Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s
- General characteristics of the Culture of Russia 1991-2003. Education and science
- Literature, cinema, theater, media, painting, architecture and sculpture in Russia 1991-2003
12. Theater, painting, architecture, sculpture and arts and crafts of Japanese culture
A special aesthetic function is performed in the theater by the magnificent, luxurious attire of the actors and masks, which express the subtlest shades of human feelings with deep psychologism. In dramas, the main emphasis was on psychological images. Comprehension of the acting skills of the No theater began from early childhood and improved throughout life. The repertoire is very diverse: at present, about 240 plays of various content are known. It is noteworthy that in classical theatre, all roles, including women's, are performed only by men.
The tradition of kabuki theater is tied to urban culture. Kabuki was a favorite spectacle of city dwellers of all strata and levels of wealth and suited the tastes of this public. The emergence of kabuki theater dates back to the very beginning of the XNUMXth century.
In parallel with the tradition of kabuki, the tradition of Japanese puppet theater, jeruri, also developed. Each doll, which is approximately 1/2 to 2/3 of a person's height, is controlled by 3 people at once.
The religious currents of Japan influenced the development of Japanese art. The legendary history of Japan, the exploits of gods and heroes have become the plot basis for many works of Japanese fine art. An idealized natural landscape served as an expression of Confucian aesthetic principles in painting, causing the viewer to strive for perfection and impeccability. Zen ideas also inspired art, including monochrome ink painting on paper. Buddhist painting became widespread, focusing on the canonical images of the Buddhist pantheon. Traditional Japanese painting is characterized by a wide variety of styles, forms and techniques.
In Japan, starting from the XNUMXth century, Buddhist temples were built. Open for viewing, they served as a decoration of the area; their high multi-tiered roofs organically fit into the relief, harmoniously blending with the surrounding landscape.
Grandiose castles with high towers, decorated with multi-tiered roofs, became a characteristic feature of Japanese architecture of the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. The heart of the castle was the main wooden tower, erected on a stone foundation. Stone walls were built around this tower with adjoining outbuildings and courtyards, and protective ditches were dug. Household items in Japan played the role of ritual attributes. Masters sought to give them an impeccable appearance. For example, many bowls for the tea ceremony were valued unusually highly for "the seal of otherworldly beauty", containing the whole Universe.
Author: Konstantinova S.V.
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