51. Literature, music, theater, painting and architecture of the era of the Great Patriotic War

In the spiritual confrontation with the fascist aggressors, our culture played its own special role. A characteristic feature of the development of culture is the deepening of interest in the national classical heritage.

In the days of severe trials, patriotic journalism came to the fore. The authors have largely freed themselves from the stereotypes of the pre-war years, their works have become closer, more understandable to people.

An outstanding work was the poem by A. T. Tvardovsky about Vasily Terkin, the main character of which combined the features of many real people and the character of folk tales.

The poems of Pushkin and the novels of Tolstoy, Turgenev, the music of Glinka and Tchaikovsky acquired a new meaning. In the most difficult days of the siege of Leningrad, D. Shostakovich created the ingenious Seventh Symphony.

Drama and musical theater actors, pop artists also contributed to the common cause of the fight against the enemy. The concert activity of musicians and artists at the fronts and in the rear took on a large scale. The concerts were attended by L. A. Ruslanova, L. O. Utesov, K. I. Shulzhenko and others.

The painting of the war years is significantly different from the pre-war. There were stages in its development. At the beginning of the war - basically fixing what he saw. The plans were not always successful, the paintings lacked depth in the disclosure of the topic, the power of generalization. Laconism, simplicity of visual means, but also a certain straightforwardness are characteristic of plot paintings of 1941-1942.

The oldest masters V. Baksheev, N. Krymov, A. Kuprin, I. Grabar also worked in the genre of landscape during the war years. These years also preserved such almost documentary landscapes, which eventually became a historical genre, such as "Parade on Red Square on November 7, 1941." K. F. Yuon (1942).

"Leningrad in the days of blockade and liberation" - this is the name of a series of more than three dozen autolithographs A. F. Pakhomova (1908-1973).

First of all, the portrait develops, because the artists were shocked by the character of the Soviet man.

In the last years of the war, one of their best paintings was created by the Kukryniksy, turning to the image of antiquity - Sophia of Novgorod as a symbol of the invincibility of the Russian land ("The Flight of the Nazis from Novgorod", 1944-1946).

The heroic poster of the Great Patriotic War adopted the best traditions of the revolutionary poster. In the first days of the war, the famous poster by I. M. Toidze "The Motherland Calls!" (1941) appeared on the streets.

It is difficult to talk about the architecture of this period. There was a lack of labor and materials. All construction work during this period was mainly associated with the installation of evacuated equipment, the creation of buildings for the needs of industry.

Author: Konstantinova S.V.

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