History of world and domestic culture. Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign (the most important)

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History of world and domestic culture. Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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38. Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign

Under the conditions of the feudal-serf system, literature was predominantly of the nobility. Folk art was oral. Noble literature of the XVIII century. developed in line with classicism.

This was most clearly manifested in the work of A.P. Sumarokov, who wrote comedies and tragedies that perform educational functions, as well as in the early representative of classicism of the XNUMXth-XNUMXth centuries. -

A. D. Kantemira. An important stage in the development of Russian classicism was the work of the court poet

V. K. Trediakovsky (1703-1769). The largest Russian poet of the late 18th century. was G. R. Derzhavin (1743-1816). At the end of the 18th century. There is a departure from classicism, overcoming sentimentalism and the formation of realistic tendencies. First of all, this manifested itself in creativity D. I. Fonvizina (1745-1792) - creator of social comedy.

The founder of Russian sentimentalism is considered a writer, historian, who bore the nickname "Columbus of Russian history", the author of "History of the Russian State" N. M. Karamzin (1766-1826).

The largest figure in Russian social thought is A. N. Radishchev (1749-1802).

In the XNUMXth century, theatrical art developed quite widely in Russia. Counts P. B. and N. P. Sheremetevs had the most famous theater with a magnificent troupe of serf actors. The famous serf actress, singer shone in the Sheremetev troupe P. I. Kovaleva-Zhemchugova (1768-1803).

An interesting evolution in the XNUMXth century. undergoes musical creativity. Among the nobility, Russian folk songs are widely distributed, as well as stylization of the folk style of the song.

A characteristic feature of the painting of the XVIII century. - liberation from cult themes. A special place in Russian painting of the XVIII century. took the portrait. Realism begins to emerge in portraits A. P. Antropova (1716-1795). Serf artist Sheremetev worked successfully in the portrait genre I. P. Argunov (1729-1802). Along with the magnificent ceremonial portrait in the work F. S. Rokotova (1736-1808) an informal, intimate portrait appears, in which all attention is paid not to magnificent clothes, but to a person’s face.

Creativity is diverse and widely represented D. G. Levitsky (1735-1822). Levitsky's ceremonial portraits, filled with the splendor of clothing, convey the richness of the subject's texture. The continuator of Levitsky’s traditions was V. L. Borovikovsky (1757-1825), in whose portraits the art of psychologism reached the pinnacle of perfection.

Author: Konstantinova S.V.

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