Table of contents (expand)
- General characteristics of the period. The emergence of art. Mythology
- Fine arts and the emergence of writing in the primitive era. Development of thinking, accumulation of knowledge
- Features of Chinese culture
- Theatre, music, dance, cinema, painting, architecture and arts and crafts in Chinese culture
- Features of Indian culture. Literature. The science. Religion. Music. Dance. Theater. Movie
- Periodization and general characteristics of the culture of ancient Egypt. Religion. Education and science. Literature
- Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of ancient Egypt
- Features of ancient culture. Religion. Theatre. Music
- Enlightenment, science and literature of ancient culture
- Painting, architecture, sculpture and vase painting of ancient culture
- Features of Japanese culture. Literature. Religion
- Theater, painting, architecture, sculpture and arts and crafts of Japanese culture
- Features of the culture of the Arab countries. Religion. Islam. Life and customs of Muslims. Sharia
- Science, literature, fine arts, calligraphy and architecture of the Arab countries
- General characteristics of the culture of the Middle Ages. Education and science. Worldview. Literature. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Middle Ages
- Features of the culture of the Renaissance. Science, literature and social thought
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Renaissance. Major painters of the Northern Renaissance
- Features of the culture of modern times. Science and technology. Spiritual life of man
- Literature, Social thought, music, fashion, painting, architecture and sculpture of the modern era
- General characteristics of the culture of the twentieth century. Education and science. Museums. Movie
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the XNUMXth century
- Culture of Ancient Russia. The culture of the pagan period. Life of Russia
- Achievements of the Christian culture of Russia
- The genre of the chronicle in the culture of Ancient Russia. Construction of churches. church art
- General features of the culture of the era of fragmentation. Culture of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus
- Culture of Veliky Novgorod and the Moscow principality in the era of fragmentation
- Creation of a special style of temple construction and painting of the XIV-XV centuries. era of fragmentation
- General characteristics of the culture of Russia in the XVI century. Life and social thought
- Science and literacy in Russia in the XNUMXth century. The emergence of printing in Russia
- Painting and architecture in Russia in the XNUMXth century
- General trends in Russian culture of the XNUMXth century. Literature, education, science, painting of the XNUMXth century
- Russian architecture of the XNUMXth century. Rise of civil architecture
- General trends in the culture of the era of Peter the Great. Education, science
- Literature and theatre. Life of the Russian people
- Painting and architecture 1700-1725
- General characteristics of the culture of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign. Education and science
- Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign
- Architecture and sculpture of the era of "palace revolutions" and Catherine's reign
- General characteristics of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half). Development of education, literature and science
- Theater and painting of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half)
- Architecture and Sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian Culture (first half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Golden Age (second half). Education and science
- Literature and social thought, museums, theater, music of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Silver Age. Education and science. Literature. Theater. Cinema
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Silver Age
- General characteristics of the culture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century Education and science. Sport. Literature. Public life. Cinema. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century
- General characteristics of the era of the Great Patriotic War. Education and science
- Literature, music, theater, painting and architecture of the era of the Great Patriotic War
- Features of Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s Education and science
- Standard of living. Literature, social thought of the Soviet era 1950-1980s
- Painting, architecture and sculpture in Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s
- General characteristics of the Culture of Russia 1991-2003. Education and science
- Literature, cinema, theater, media, painting, architecture and sculpture in Russia 1991-2003
6. Periodization and general characteristics of the culture of Ancient Egypt. Religion. Education and science. Literature
The civilization of Ancient Egypt is one of the oldest in the world. The history of the culture of Ancient Egypt is usually divided into the following periods:
1. Pre-dynastic period (IV millennium, 33-30 centuries BC);
2. Ancient Kingdom (XXX-XXIII centuries BC);
3. Middle Kingdom (XXI-XVIII centuries BC);
4. New Kingdom (XVI-XI centuries BC);
5. Late time (XI-332 BC).
For a long time, Egyptian culture developed in isolation. In the traditional world of the Eastern kingdoms, there were practically no changes. The funeral cult was of great importance in the religion of Ancient Egypt.
The characteristic features of the ancient Egyptian culture were the consciousness of power, the desire to preserve and increase it, the thirst for immortality. Art as a whole had a monumental character that overwhelmed the viewer.
The polytheism that existed in Egypt did not contribute to the centralization of the state. Pharaoh Amenhotep IV (XIV century BC) tried to carry out religious reforms in order to establish monotheism.
The most important feature of the religion and culture of ancient Egypt was the protest against death. The Egyptians believed in the immortality of the soul - this was the main doctrine of the Egyptian religion, and the passionate desire for immortality determined the whole worldview of the Egyptians. The desire for immortality became the basis for the emergence of the funeral cult, which played an extremely important role in the history of Ancient Egypt.
The emergence of Egyptian writing dates back to the XNUMXrd millennium BC. e. Despite the complexity of hieroglyphic writing, already in the most ancient period, not only priests, scribes and nobles were literate, but also builders. Science was an important part of Egyptian culture: without scientific knowledge, it was impossible to manage the economy, construction, military affairs, and government. Mathematics developed under the influence of practical needs. The Egyptians learned to accurately determine the timing of sowing, ripening and harvesting grain.
Significant advances have been made in medicine. The development of medical science was facilitated by the custom of mummification of corpses, thanks to which priests and doctors could study the anatomy of the human body and its internal organs.
By the II millennium BC. e. include the oldest geographical maps that have come down to us. Historical knowledge was also accumulated.
The civilization of Ancient Egypt left mankind a rich literary heritage. The most characteristic feature of ancient Egyptian literature is its inseparable connection with religion and the indispensable traditional character of ancient stories. Most of the literary works were the art form of myths.
Author: Konstantinova S.V.
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