Table of contents (expand)
- General characteristics of the period. The emergence of art. Mythology
- Fine arts and the emergence of writing in the primitive era. Development of thinking, accumulation of knowledge
- Features of Chinese culture
- Theatre, music, dance, cinema, painting, architecture and arts and crafts in Chinese culture
- Features of Indian culture. Literature. The science. Religion. Music. Dance. Theater. Movie
- Periodization and general characteristics of the culture of ancient Egypt. Religion. Education and science. Literature
- Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of ancient Egypt
- Features of ancient culture. Religion. Theatre. Music
- Enlightenment, science and literature of ancient culture
- Painting, architecture, sculpture and vase painting of ancient culture
- Features of Japanese culture. Literature. Religion
- Theater, painting, architecture, sculpture and arts and crafts of Japanese culture
- Features of the culture of the Arab countries. Religion. Islam. Life and customs of Muslims. Sharia
- Science, literature, fine arts, calligraphy and architecture of the Arab countries
- General characteristics of the culture of the Middle Ages. Education and science. Worldview. Literature. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Middle Ages
- Features of the culture of the Renaissance. Science, literature and social thought
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Renaissance. Major painters of the Northern Renaissance
- Features of the culture of modern times. Science and technology. Spiritual life of man
- Literature, Social thought, music, fashion, painting, architecture and sculpture of the modern era
- General characteristics of the culture of the twentieth century. Education and science. Museums. Movie
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the XNUMXth century
- Culture of Ancient Russia. The culture of the pagan period. Life of Russia
- Achievements of the Christian culture of Russia
- The genre of the chronicle in the culture of Ancient Russia. Construction of churches. church art
- General features of the culture of the era of fragmentation. Culture of Vladimir-Suzdal Rus
- Culture of Veliky Novgorod and the Moscow principality in the era of fragmentation
- Creation of a special style of temple construction and painting of the XIV-XV centuries. era of fragmentation
- General characteristics of the culture of Russia in the XVI century. Life and social thought
- Science and literacy in Russia in the XNUMXth century. The emergence of printing in Russia
- Painting and architecture in Russia in the XNUMXth century
- General trends in Russian culture of the XNUMXth century. Literature, education, science, painting of the XNUMXth century
- Russian architecture of the XNUMXth century. Rise of civil architecture
- General trends in the culture of the era of Peter the Great. Education, science
- Literature and theatre. Life of the Russian people
- Painting and architecture 1700-1725
- General characteristics of the culture of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign. Education and science
- Literature and social thought, theater and painting of the era of "palace coups" and Catherine's reign
- Architecture and sculpture of the era of "palace revolutions" and Catherine's reign
- General characteristics of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half). Development of education, literature and science
- Theater and painting of the Golden Age of Russian culture (first half)
- Architecture and Sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian Culture (first half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Golden Age (second half). Education and science
- Literature and social thought, museums, theater, music of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Golden Age of Russian culture (second half)
- General characteristics of the culture of the Silver Age. Education and science. Literature. Theater. Cinema
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the Silver Age
- General characteristics of the culture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century Education and science. Sport. Literature. Public life. Cinema. Theater
- Painting, architecture and sculpture of the 20-30s. XNUMXth century
- General characteristics of the era of the Great Patriotic War. Education and science
- Literature, music, theater, painting and architecture of the era of the Great Patriotic War
- Features of Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s Education and science
- Standard of living. Literature, social thought of the Soviet era 1950-1980s
- Painting, architecture and sculpture in Soviet culture in the 1950s-1980s
- General characteristics of the Culture of Russia 1991-2003. Education and science
- Literature, cinema, theater, media, painting, architecture and sculpture in Russia 1991-2003
8. Features of ancient culture. Religion. Theatre. Music
Antique culture in the history of mankind is a unique phenomenon, a role model and a standard of creative perfection. Greek culture was formed on the basis of the Aegean and Crete-Mycenaean cultures and became the cradle of modern European culture.
The special geographical position of Greece - the intersection of busy maritime trade routes, city-states with their democracy and a special way of thinking (contemplation, plus a high level of logic) - constitute the content and originality of Greek culture.
Ancient Rome means not only the city of Rome, but also all the countries and peoples conquered by it as part of the Roman state. Ancient Rome gave mankind an example of an enriched cultural environment: comfortable cities with paved roads, magnificent bridges, buildings of libraries, archives, palaces with solid furniture.
In ancient culture, there is a desire to express their understanding of the world. Aesthetic categories are being developed that express important assessments and aspects of the attitude of the Greeks:
1) harmony;
2) symmetry;
3) beauty.
The ancient religion is characterized by polytheism - polytheism. Gradually, more individualized gods emerged, such as Zeus.
Numerous priestly colleges (vestals, augurs) maintained respect for the gods and observance of customs and traditions.
Theater played an important role in the life of the ancient Romans. It could express their feelings and emotions. The theater not only reflected the life of the ancient Greeks and Romans, but also served as a manifestation of their interest in politics. Ancient Greece left 3 names of the authors of the tragedy:
1) Aeschylus;
2) Sophocles;
3) Euripides.
The fate of the theater in the Hellenistic era is interesting. The first work of the creator of the "new comedy" - comedy of manners - Menander (342-291 BC) dedicated to the life of ordinary Athenian families with their worries.
Women's roles have always been played by men. Greek actors wore masks on their faces, which were replaced even during the performance of one role. In the Hellenistic era, the art of the actor became a profession.
The architecture of the Roman theater had a number of features that distinguished it from the Greek. Seats for spectators were arranged in one or more tiers in the form of a semicircle. Circus performances and gladiator fights held in the Colosseum were very popular.
Music was also of great importance in antiquity. The Greeks believed that the harmony in music creates the mood of a person. A distinctive musical culture existed in Rome as well. Descriptions of ancient triumphal, wedding, memorial and drinking songs have been preserved.
Author: Konstantinova S.V.
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