History of world and domestic culture. Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of Ancient Egypt (the most important)

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History of world and domestic culture. Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of Ancient Egypt (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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7. Music, painting, architecture and sculpture of ancient Egypt

The musical culture of Egypt is one of the most ancient in the world. Music accompanied all religious ceremonies, mass festivals. Musicians enjoyed great respect in society, they were considered relatives of the pharaohs.

Painting was also very common in ancient Egypt. Most of the murals of the Old Kingdom have not been preserved, but many examples of the Middle Kingdom have come down. The frescoes depicted scenes from the life, life of people, nature on the banks of the Nile.

In the Middle Kingdom, the plots become more diverse, the scenes become more dynamic. Wall images of the New Kingdom have undergone significant changes. In temple reliefs and murals, dynamic, complex compositions were replaced by smooth, unhurried subjects.

An important feature of ancient Egyptian culture was the construction of pyramids. The search for new architectural forms for the exaltation of royal power led to the appearance of such structures. In the XXVIII century. BC e. architect of Pharaoh Djoser Imhotep created a pyramid of seven decreasing steps placed one on top of the other.

The period of the New Kingdom is especially interesting for its architecture. The main type of architectural structure in the period of the New Kingdom is the temple. In the capital of Egypt, Thebes, two famous temple complexes were created in Karnak and Luxor.

The emerging trends in the visual arts led to its extraordinary rise, which went down in history under the name of the Amarna period (beginning of the XNUMXth century BC). Found in the pharaoh's tomb Tutankhamen works of art are also made in the traditions of the Amarna style.

The architecture of Egypt was inextricably linked with sculpture, and sculpture was associated primarily with ideas about the afterlife.

Next to the pharaoh's pyramid Khafra rises an amazing statue of the so-called Great Sphinx, a fantastic creature with the body of a lion and the portrait head of a king.

The statues of the prince can serve as classical examples of the sculpture of the Old Kingdom. Rahotep and his wife Nofret.

During the heyday of the Middle Kingdom, a new direction was formed in the plastic art of Egypt. Masters begin to pay more attention to the individual characteristics of the individual.

The new style of harmony and beauty is also manifested in the fine arts and sculpture of the New Kingdom.

The most significant achievements of the Amarna period are associated with the development of a new style of plastic forms, with a new interpretation of the image of a person. The pinnacle of the plastic art of the period under review is the portrait busts of the beautiful wife of Akhenaten, the queen Nefertiti.

Author: Konstantinova S.V.

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