Foreign economic activity. Export control in Russia, main purpose and scope (most important)

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Foreign economic activity. Export control in Russia, main purpose and scope (most important)

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76. Export control in Russia, main purpose and scope

Currently, the Russian Federation has Federal Law No. 18-FZ of July 1999, 183 "On Export Control" (as amended and supplemented on July 18, 2005). This law establishes the principles for the implementation of state policy, the legal basis for the activities of state authorities of the Russian Federation in the field of export control, and also determines the rights, duties and responsibilities of participants in foreign economic activity.

The Federal Law "On Export Control" contains a definition of foreign economic activity, which is understood as foreign trade, investment activity, industrial cooperation, in the field of international exchange of goods, information, works, services, results of intellectual activity, including exclusive rights to them (intellectual property) .

Export control - a set of measures that ensure the implementation of the procedure established by the legislation of the Russian Federation for the implementation of foreign economic activity in relation to goods, information, works, services, results of intellectual activity that can be used in the creation of weapons of mass destruction, their means of delivery, other types of weapons and military equipment.

Objectives of export control:

▪ protection of the interests of the Russian Federation;

▪ implementation of the requirements of international treaties of the Russian Federation in the field of non-proliferation of weapons of mass destruction, their means of delivery, as well as in the field of control over the export of military and dual-use products;

▪ creating conditions for the integration of the economy of the Russian Federation into the world economy.

In order to ensure the implementation of the state policy in the field of export control, as well as to coordinate the activities of federal executive bodies and the organizational and methodological management of export control work in the Russian Federation, the Export Control Commission of the Russian Federation was established.

Export control is carried out by a specially authorized federal executive body - the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia.

Export control in the Russian Federation is carried out through the methods of legal regulation of foreign economic activity, including:

1) identification of controlled goods and technologies, that is, establishing the conformity of specific raw materials, materials, equipment, scientific and technical information, works, services, results of intellectual activity that are objects of foreign economic operations, goods and technologies included in the lists (lists) of controlled goods and technologies;

2) an authorization procedure for carrying out foreign economic transactions with controlled goods and technologies, providing for licensing or another form of their state regulation;

3) customs control and customs clearance of the export of controlled goods and technologies from the Russian Federation in accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation on customs affairs;

4) the application of state coercion measures (sanctions) in relation to persons who have violated the procedure established by the regulatory legal acts of the Russian Federation for carrying out foreign economic activity in relation to goods, information, works, services, results of intellectual activity that can be used in the creation of weapons of mass destruction, means of their delivery, other types of weapons and military equipment, or attempted to commit such actions.

Foreign economic transactions involving the transfer of controlled goods and technologies to a foreign entity are subject to licensing. Decrees of the President of the Russian Federation approve lists of goods and technologies, the customs clearance of which is carried out only on condition of presentation of licenses issued by the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia.

Author: Bobkova O.V.

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