Table of contents (expand)
- The concept of foreign economic relations and their difference from foreign economic activity
- Foreign economic activity (FEA): concept, essence, meaning
- Composition of foreign economic functions of export-oriented enterprises
- Technological process of creation and sale of export products
- Types of foreign economic activity as a way to implement the export strategy of the enterprise and the form of its work in the foreign market
- Special regimes for the implementation of certain areas of foreign trade activity
- The role of investment cooperation in the development and production of export products
- Currency and financial and credit operations as a type of foreign economic activity
- Industrial cooperation as part of the types of foreign economic activity, its significance
- Composition of participants in foreign economic activity in Russia
- Classification of subjects of foreign economic activity in Russia, its principles
- The composition of exporters-manufacturers operating in the foreign market without intermediaries
- Representation of participants in foreign economic activity playing an intermediary role in foreign economic activity, their target orientation
- Contributing organizations, composition of participants, activity profile, role in the foreign economic sphere of Russia
- Types of trading and intermediary firms
- Organizational principles of building a foreign trade company
- The main functional divisions of a foreign trade company
- Powers of employees of a foreign trade company
- Reforming the sphere of foreign economic activity in Russia: prerequisites, stages, goals
- The nature and trends in the development of foreign economic activity in the 90s
- Export of certain types of goods
- Prospects for the development of foreign economic activity
- The need for state regulation of the national economy, its essence and prerequisites
- State regulation methods used in international practice
- Regulation of foreign trade at the national and intergovernmental level
- Foreign trade policy of Russia
- Formation of the legislative, regulatory and legal framework for Russia's foreign trade
- The mechanism of state regulation of foreign trade activities in Russia
- Anti-dumping measures as an instrument of non-tariff restrictions
- Non-tariff restrictions of foreign trade operations
- Customs-tariff regulation of foreign trade operations
- Measures to assist exporters
- System of currency regulation of foreign trade activity
- Methods of non-tariff restrictions on foreign economic activity in the Russian Federation
- Customs regulation as a method of state-economic impact on the sphere of foreign economic activity: essence, constituent elements
- Customs Tariffs and Customs Duties
- Calculation and procedure for payment of import duties, conditions for granting a deferred payment
- Methods for determining the customs value and the sequence of their application
- Customs regimes in the Russian Federation, their economic content and role in the system of customs and tariff regulation
- Types of taxes in the field of foreign economic activity, their discriminatory nature
- Value added tax and excises on imported goods: payers, amount, differentiation of rates, calculation procedure, payment terms
- Features of collection and refund of value added tax and excises under different customs regimes
- Special procedure for levying excises on certain imported goods, their intended purpose
- Principles of currency regulation
- The procedure for exercising state control over the import and export of precious metals from the Russian Federation
- The principle of regulating settlements with the state budget by exporters
- The system of currency control over export-import operations, its purpose and procedure for ensuring
- Currency control over import and barter transactions
- Institute of Currency Control Agents
- The system of non-tariff restrictions on foreign economic activity in Russia, its difference from foreign practice
- Licensing and export quotas and their scope
- Export quotas in Russia. Administrative and commercial principles for the distribution of export quotas
- Special export procedure for certain groups of goods and the process of its organization
- Certification of goods in the import control system
- Customs formalities for the export (import) of cargo, their sequence and confirmation with the necessary documents
- The procedure for applying the provisions of the Convention on the International Carriage of Goods with the issuance of an international road carrier book, etc.
- Customs escort of cargo, its organization and conditions of application within the framework of customs formalities
- Customs clearance
- The simplified procedure of customs clearance
- Movement across the customs border of currency and securities
- General rules for the movement of goods of individuals through customs
- The value of international private law in the regulation of foreign economic activity
- Sources of law in the field of foreign economic activity
- Substantive law and conflict of law rules
- State regulation of foreign investment
- Mechanism of international settlements
- Types of loans and forms of lending in foreign economic activity
- Leasing as a form of lending for foreign economic activity
- Positions of the currency terms of the contract
- Forms of foreign trade settlements
- Letter of credit in the practice of foreign economic activity in Russia
- Types of World Commodity Markets
- Value added tax on the export of certain works and services, the procedure for calculating and paying
- Arms Import Licensing
- The contingent of quota and licensed goods in Russia
- Export control in Russia, main purpose and scope
- Special control of export and import of nuclear materials, technologies and equipment in Russia
- Unified system of expert assessment of the quantity, quality and price of products exported from Russia
- Payment return methods for a commercial loan
- Criteria for choosing forms of foreign trade settlements
- The role of banks in the settlement system in foreign economic activity
- Federal bodies, their powers and functions in the field of state regulation of foreign economic activity in Russia
- Powers of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in the field of foreign economic activity
- Powers of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in the field of customs regulation
- The Federal Customs Service, its place and functions in the field of state regulation of foreign economic activity
- Levels and procedure for interaction between state federal and regional bodies in the structure of Russia's foreign economic complex
- Powers and functions of state institutions for currency regulation and control in the field of foreign economic activity
- The concept and essence of marketing in foreign economic activity
- Strategies for foreign economic activity
- The concept and content of operational marketing in foreign economic activity
- Export and commodity policy of the enterprise
- Types of offset transactions
54. Certification of goods in the import control system
In order to ensure the safety of goods for the consumer, it is necessary to provide appropriate certificates when importing into the Russian Federation certain types of food products, alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages, tobacco, petroleum products and the chemical industry, veterinary medicines, dishes, household appliances and textiles, tools, equipment, machine tools , cars, tractors, yachts, hunting accessories, children's toys, medical devices and devices, etc.
When importing certain goods, mandatory confirmation of their compliance with the established safety and quality requirements can be established by the adoption of a declaration of conformity.
When passing through the border of the Russian Federation imported goods that are the object of certification, customs at the border:
1) determines the validity of the certificate by the presence of:
▪ signatures and seals of the certification body that issued it;
▪ number and date of registration in the state register of the GOST R certification system;
2) checks:
▪ certificate validity period;
▪ name, type, type and brand of goods;
▪ name and address of the manufacturer;
▪ the number of products in the imported batch, its number.
If no violations are found, then the goods are allowed to cross the border. If violations are found during the inspection of imported goods. That item is not passable. In such cases, the goods are detained and stored in accordance with the customs legislation. After the expiration of the storage period, unclaimed goods are transferred to the ownership of the Russian Federation.
If the goods have a foreign certificate that is not recognized in the Russian Federation, or there is no certificate, then in order to import goods into the Russian Federation, you must obtain a Russian certificate of the GOST R system.
To obtain such a certificate, the applicant (domestic or foreign):
▪ sends an application for product certification to the certification body;
▪ selects a laboratory;
▪ presents technical documentation.
Certification body:
▪ considers the application and, no later than one month, communicates its decision on the conditions and procedure for certification;
▪ based on an analysis of all materials, makes a decision on issuing a certificate or refusing to issue it;
▪ draws up a certificate and issues it to the applicant.
The hygiene certificate is:
▪ permission from the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Welfare to import products potentially hazardous to human health;
▪ confirmation of the safety of products for human health, subject to certain conditions;
▪ the basis for issuing a certificate of conformity.
Types of products for which a hygiene certificate must be obtained:
▪ products for children:
▪ games and toys, clothing (including bed linen), shoes, books and teaching aids, furniture, strollers, backpacks;
▪ artificial, polymer and synthetic materials, substances for the manufacture of children's products;
▪ food raw materials, food products, food additives, preservatives;
▪ chemical and petrochemical products for industrial purposes, household chemicals, agricultural chemicals, including mineral fertilizers;
▪ mechanical engineering and instrument making products for industrial and household purposes;
▪ products in contact with human skin;
▪ polymer and synthetic materials intended for use in construction, transport, as well as for the manufacture of furniture and other household items;
▪ chemical fibers, threads;
▪ textile, sewing and knitted materials containing chemical fibers and textile auxiliaries;
▪ artificial and synthetic leather and textile materials for footwear;
materials, equipment, substances used in the practice of household and drinking supply.
Author: Bobkova O.V.
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