Foreign economic activity. Types of foreign economic activity as a way to implement the export strategy of an enterprise and the form of its work in the foreign market (the most important)

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Foreign economic activity. Types of foreign economic activity as a way to implement the export strategy of an enterprise and the form of its work in the foreign market (the most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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5. Types of foreign economic activity as a way to implement the export strategy of the enterprise and the form of its work in the foreign market. Their reflection in the Federal Law "On the Fundamentals of State Regulation of Foreign Trade Activities" (Chapter 4, Article 12)

The export strategy of the enterprise is implemented through the following types of foreign economic activity:

▪ foreign trade activities;

▪ production cooperation;

▪ international investment cooperation;

▪ foreign exchange and financial and credit operations.

In Russian practice, foreign economic activity is implemented mainly through foreign trade activities (hereinafter - FTA). In accordance with Art. 2 of the Federal Law of December 8, 2003 No. 164-FZ "On the Fundamentals of State Regulation of Foreign Trade Activities" (as amended and supplemented on July 22, 2005) (hereinafter referred to as the Law "On the Fundamentals of State Regulation of Foreign Trade Activities") foreign trade activity - activities for the implementation of transactions in the field of foreign trade in goods, services, information and intellectual property. According to Article 12 of the Law, state regulation of foreign trade activities is carried out through customs and tariff regulation, non-tariff regulation, prohibitions and restrictions on foreign trade in services and intellectual property, economic and administrative measures that contribute to the development of foreign trade activities.

Customs tariff regulation - Method of state regulation of foreign trade, carried out through the use of import and export duties.

Tariff regulation - the method of state regulation of foreign trade in goods, carried out by introducing quantitative restrictions and other prohibitions and restrictions of an economic nature;

Production cooperation as part of the foreign economic activity of enterprises and firms, it is a form of cooperation between foreign partners in various, but structurally related processes of the technological division of labor.

Technological process of division of labor - the distribution of its participants in the chain of creation and sale of products according to its main phases, from studying the needs in domestic and foreign markets to bringing it to end consumers. Industrial cooperation is typical for homogeneous spheres of production and circulation, for scientific and technical, investment and service areas. Consistency of actions of partners within the framework of industrial cooperation is achieved by:

▪ mutual planning of export and import-substituting products;

▪ forecasting and jointly conducting scientific developments, providing them with the necessary equipment, devices and materials;

▪ organization of the personnel training process.

International investment cooperation - a form of interaction with foreign partners based on combining efforts of a financial and logistical nature in order to expand the base for the development and production of export products, its systematic updating based on competitiveness criteria and facilitating the processes of its implementation in the foreign market. Such tasks are solved by organizing joint ventures. Joint entrepreneurship is possible on the basis of the exchange of technologies, services, followed by the distribution of programs for the production of products and their implementation, as well as in the form of the formation and functioning of concessions, consortiums, joint-stock companies, international non-governmental organizations.

Currency and financial and credit operations as a type of foreign economic activity are considered as facilitating, accompanying any foreign trade transaction in the form of financial obligations associated with facilitating payment for the supplied products through specific forms of payment, as well as foreign exchange transactions performed in order to avoid exchange rate losses. Currency and financial-credit operations are also considered as independent specific types of foreign economic activity in the financial and banking sector, serving the domestic foreign exchange market and foreign trade payments in the system of international settlements.

Author: Bobkova O.V.

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