Table of contents (expand)
- The concept of foreign economic relations and their difference from foreign economic activity
- Foreign economic activity (FEA): concept, essence, meaning
- Composition of foreign economic functions of export-oriented enterprises
- Technological process of creation and sale of export products
- Types of foreign economic activity as a way to implement the export strategy of the enterprise and the form of its work in the foreign market
- Special regimes for the implementation of certain areas of foreign trade activity
- The role of investment cooperation in the development and production of export products
- Currency and financial and credit operations as a type of foreign economic activity
- Industrial cooperation as part of the types of foreign economic activity, its significance
- Composition of participants in foreign economic activity in Russia
- Classification of subjects of foreign economic activity in Russia, its principles
- The composition of exporters-manufacturers operating in the foreign market without intermediaries
- Representation of participants in foreign economic activity playing an intermediary role in foreign economic activity, their target orientation
- Contributing organizations, composition of participants, activity profile, role in the foreign economic sphere of Russia
- Types of trading and intermediary firms
- Organizational principles of building a foreign trade company
- The main functional divisions of a foreign trade company
- Powers of employees of a foreign trade company
- Reforming the sphere of foreign economic activity in Russia: prerequisites, stages, goals
- The nature and trends in the development of foreign economic activity in the 90s
- Export of certain types of goods
- Prospects for the development of foreign economic activity
- The need for state regulation of the national economy, its essence and prerequisites
- State regulation methods used in international practice
- Regulation of foreign trade at the national and intergovernmental level
- Foreign trade policy of Russia
- Formation of the legislative, regulatory and legal framework for Russia's foreign trade
- The mechanism of state regulation of foreign trade activities in Russia
- Anti-dumping measures as an instrument of non-tariff restrictions
- Non-tariff restrictions of foreign trade operations
- Customs-tariff regulation of foreign trade operations
- Measures to assist exporters
- System of currency regulation of foreign trade activity
- Methods of non-tariff restrictions on foreign economic activity in the Russian Federation
- Customs regulation as a method of state-economic impact on the sphere of foreign economic activity: essence, constituent elements
- Customs Tariffs and Customs Duties
- Calculation and procedure for payment of import duties, conditions for granting a deferred payment
- Methods for determining the customs value and the sequence of their application
- Customs regimes in the Russian Federation, their economic content and role in the system of customs and tariff regulation
- Types of taxes in the field of foreign economic activity, their discriminatory nature
- Value added tax and excises on imported goods: payers, amount, differentiation of rates, calculation procedure, payment terms
- Features of collection and refund of value added tax and excises under different customs regimes
- Special procedure for levying excises on certain imported goods, their intended purpose
- Principles of currency regulation
- The procedure for exercising state control over the import and export of precious metals from the Russian Federation
- The principle of regulating settlements with the state budget by exporters
- The system of currency control over export-import operations, its purpose and procedure for ensuring
- Currency control over import and barter transactions
- Institute of Currency Control Agents
- The system of non-tariff restrictions on foreign economic activity in Russia, its difference from foreign practice
- Licensing and export quotas and their scope
- Export quotas in Russia. Administrative and commercial principles for the distribution of export quotas
- Special export procedure for certain groups of goods and the process of its organization
- Certification of goods in the import control system
- Customs formalities for the export (import) of cargo, their sequence and confirmation with the necessary documents
- The procedure for applying the provisions of the Convention on the International Carriage of Goods with the issuance of an international road carrier book, etc.
- Customs escort of cargo, its organization and conditions of application within the framework of customs formalities
- Customs clearance
- The simplified procedure of customs clearance
- Movement across the customs border of currency and securities
- General rules for the movement of goods of individuals through customs
- The value of international private law in the regulation of foreign economic activity
- Sources of law in the field of foreign economic activity
- Substantive law and conflict of law rules
- State regulation of foreign investment
- Mechanism of international settlements
- Types of loans and forms of lending in foreign economic activity
- Leasing as a form of lending for foreign economic activity
- Positions of the currency terms of the contract
- Forms of foreign trade settlements
- Letter of credit in the practice of foreign economic activity in Russia
- Types of World Commodity Markets
- Value added tax on the export of certain works and services, the procedure for calculating and paying
- Arms Import Licensing
- The contingent of quota and licensed goods in Russia
- Export control in Russia, main purpose and scope
- Special control of export and import of nuclear materials, technologies and equipment in Russia
- Unified system of expert assessment of the quantity, quality and price of products exported from Russia
- Payment return methods for a commercial loan
- Criteria for choosing forms of foreign trade settlements
- The role of banks in the settlement system in foreign economic activity
- Federal bodies, their powers and functions in the field of state regulation of foreign economic activity in Russia
- Powers of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in the field of foreign economic activity
- Powers of the Ministry of Economic Development of Russia in the field of customs regulation
- The Federal Customs Service, its place and functions in the field of state regulation of foreign economic activity
- Levels and procedure for interaction between state federal and regional bodies in the structure of Russia's foreign economic complex
- Powers and functions of state institutions for currency regulation and control in the field of foreign economic activity
- The concept and essence of marketing in foreign economic activity
- Strategies for foreign economic activity
- The concept and content of operational marketing in foreign economic activity
- Export and commodity policy of the enterprise
- Types of offset transactions
24. Methods of state regulation used in international practice
Modern practice knows many methods of state regulation - long-term forecasting and medium-term indicative planning, short-term operational, which are provided with the help of economic instruments, credit and fiscal measures, administrative and organizational and legal forms, demonopolization of market competition.
Long term government regulation is provided by forecasting, programming and strategic planning of the economy and pursues the goals of forming a strategy and priorities in the development of national industries that can ensure the release of competitive products and fit into the world market; intensification of economic growth; structural adjustment and modernization of the national economy; solutions to social problems. Long-term regulation is typical for advanced economies.
Medium-term government regulation implemented through indicative planning aimed at coordinating the positions of the state and the private sector. Within its framework, the government, setting goals for priority sectors, outlines for every 3-5 years the necessary volumes of industrial production, the amount of capital investment and the desired growth rates. Then, in the planning commissions with the participation of leading companies, specific programs for the development of individual areas are developed, which are combined into a general state program.
indicative plan It is advisory in nature, but provides for various privileges for the business structures involved in its implementation - preferential loans and taxes, preferential export prices, etc.
Short term state regulation has a flexible operational character. These are state measures aimed at overcoming crises, inflation, as well as protecting the interests of the domestic market and national producers. Instruments of short-term regulation: taxes, prices, quotas, licenses and tariffs.
Economic methods assume indirect influence (market) on intraeconomic economic processes, and first of all in the sphere of production where the commodity offer is formed. They are implemented through the financial, credit and banking sectors of the economy through changes in the interest rate, discounts and subsidies, as well as the tax system, the price mechanism, customs instruments, the system of insurance and stimulation of export production. Economic methods in foreign practice of state regulation are based on the legislative basis.
International practice also knows the direct administrative intervention in the economy in the framework of short-term regulation, based on government regulations or management decisions.
In countries with economies in transition, there is regulation based on the command-administrative distribution system of management. It is based on the use of control figures and tasks, government orders, limiting loans and deposits, a system of state lending, including in foreign currency, the use of benefits and fixed prices for raw materials and food. The legitimacy of actions derives from administrative decrees, decisions and regulations.
К organizational and legal methods include antimonopoly regulation, built on a legislative basis that defines the rights of various business structures and establishes the rules of competition.
The mechanism of antimonopoly regulation is the most important means of protecting the national interests of small and medium-sized businesses, ensuring the development of a competitive environment.
Author: Bobkova O.V.
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