Innovation management. Structure of innovative organizations (most important)

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Innovation management. Structure of innovative organizations (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

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48. STRUCTURE OF INNOVATION ORGANIZATIONS

There are the following main types of structures of innovative organizations:

1) linear - work planning and control of their implementation are carried out vertically from the head to the production units that perform managerial functions;

2) functional - planning of work and their subsequent control are carried out by the functional divisions of the company, and the work itself is performed by production divisions;

3) linear-functional - planning of work and their subsequent control are carried out by the functional divisions of the company, the work itself is performed by production divisions. At the same time, everyone is subordinate to the leader;

4) matrix, or staff, - the linear-functional structure additionally includes general designers and project managers with the functions of monitoring competitiveness;

5) brigade - the company organizes complex teams of 10-15 employees (designers, technologists, economists, workers and others) to carry out individual work and produce component parts of the product;

6) divisional - this structure is used only for multi-product concerns, divided into industries by type of product. Functional divisions are present both in individual industries and in the whole concern in general.

All of these types of structures have their own advantages and disadvantages.

To select a specific structure! a particular enterprise, it is necessary to perform an in-depth analysis of the factors influencing the structure. These factors include:

1) development of specialization and cooperation in production;

2) control automation;

3) the use of a complex of scientific approaches when designing the structure and functioning of the innovation management system;

4) following the rules of the principles of rational organization of production processes;

5) transition to the problem-target structure of existing management structures. Basic rules for the formation of the problem-target structure of the company:

1) targeted approach;

2) complexity in determining the number of deputy heads of the enterprise;

3) problem orientation;

4) the course towards certain products or markets when creating structures of departments for specific products or markets, organizing the financial plan of the enterprise;

5) the absence of special units for the mandatory horizontal coordination of achieving the goals of the enterprise;

6) ensuring the mobility and adaptability of the structure to changes;

7) ensuring coordination of solving problems to achieve the competitiveness of goods.

Thus, the structure is characterized by the number and depth of the observed principles and requirements for formation, the structure of goals, the content of the provisions on job descriptions.

Authors: Evgrafova I.Yu., Krasnikova E.O.

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