Innovation management. Commercialization of innovations (most important)

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Innovation management. Commercialization of innovations (most important)

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12. COMMERCIALIZATION OF INNOVATIONS

The process of introducing innovations (innovations) to the market is usually called the process of commercialization or the process of technology commercialization. The commercialization of scientific developments and technologies is always associated with the concept of an innovation process, during which a scientific result or technological development is aimed at obtaining a commercial result.

The concept of "technology" in the process of commercialization differs from the concepts of "science", "technology", "product". Science is the knowledge and understanding of a phenomenon. The product has external physical features and is not an intellectual asset, a commercialization process. Technology is a link between these two concepts, it can be characterized, for example, as the concept of "know-how".

In strategic management, the choice of technology determines the competitive advantage of the firm. This uses a set of technologies - from simple administrative procedures to scientific disciplines used in design, production, logistics. In this case, no "low" technologies exist.

By "high" technologies, we mean the intensity of the use of scientific knowledge, the knowledge intensity of the product, the involvement of new scientific discoveries in the technological process, or long and highly hierarchical production processes that connect various products with many components.

Technology is always innovation, which is new products, new technological processes, new types of services, except for the repair of manufactured products and customer service. The ultimate goals of innovation, that is, the result of the constructive interaction of marketing, technology and production, are to satisfy consumer demand and obtain specific profits.

The "science - technology - money" scheme, as well as the implementation of an innovative project from one stage to another, requires mandatory feedback between the intermediate results of R&D and the market, since only the market gives money and it is possible to realize a scientific result or technology only if it is able to increase someone's -something competitive advantage, bring or increase profits.

The development of the commercialization process (innovation process) and the strategic management of knowledge and technology causes a multi-stage decision-making and a variety of connections in obtaining a predictable result. The result of innovation and commercialization is the creation of new generations of products, processes, new types of communications. The commercialization of developments and the subsequent implementation of new technologies contribute to the creation of new enterprises, additional jobs, as well as the rise of the economy of the industry, region, country.

Authors: Evgrafova I.Yu., Krasnikova E.O.

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