Life safety. Ergonomics (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets
Free library / Directory / Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Life safety. Ergonomics (most important)

Lecture notes, cheat sheets

Table of contents (expand)

8. ERGONOMICS

The problems of maintaining long-term performance can be solved ergonomics - a scientific discipline that studies labor processes in order to optimize tools and working conditions, increase the efficiency of labor activity and preserve the health of workers. Main object of ergonomics is a complex system "man is a machine", in which the leading role belongs to man. Ergonomics is closely related to engineering psychology, which considers the requirements for the mental characteristics of a person manifested during his interaction with technical means.

Ergonomics carries out a systematic approach to labor processes and operates with ergonomic indicators: hygienic, anthropometric, physiological, psychophysiological, aesthetic.

Ergonomic biomechanics based on anthropometric features (such as the size of the body, limbs, head, hands, feet, angle of rotation in the joints, arm reach) gives recommendations on the organization of the workplace, the design of tools and equipment.

The requirements of technical aesthetics are realized with the help of design (artistic design of equipment), its color design, design of graphic media, design of workwear and footwear. At the same time, conditions are created for optimal visual loads, harmony in the emotional content of labor processes, the least injury risk and minimal harmful psychological effects of the labor process are provided.

For the modern stage of scientific and technological revolution characterized by incomplete automation and mechanization of labor,

in connection with which there are unfavorable working conditions and occupational diseases. For example, it was found that operators of keyboard computers work in an uncomfortable posture, which is characterized by a strong forward inclination of the head (59° from the vertical) and the position of the hands in the air with the abduction from the body at an angle of 87°. This posture causes numerous complaints of operators about constant pain in the back, neck, shoulder girdle, forearm, and hand. Muscle fatigue in display operators is associated with forward tilt of the head and upper body, which leads to overstrain of the muscles of the neck, interscapular region, and forearm flexors in 1 hour. An uncomfortable posture leads to additional movements, a change in body position, which accelerates the onset of fatigue and leads to a decrease in the quality of work.

<< Back: Features of the labor activity of women and adolescents

>> Forward: Means of medical protection. Individual first aid kit

We recommend interesting articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets:

▪ Logistics. Crib

▪ Criminal process. Lecture notes

▪ State and municipal administration. Crib

See other articles Section Lecture notes, cheat sheets.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

The existence of an entropy rule for quantum entanglement has been proven 09.05.2024

Quantum mechanics continues to amaze us with its mysterious phenomena and unexpected discoveries. Recently, Bartosz Regula from the RIKEN Center for Quantum Computing and Ludovico Lamy from the University of Amsterdam presented a new discovery that concerns quantum entanglement and its relation to entropy. Quantum entanglement plays an important role in modern quantum information science and technology. However, the complexity of its structure makes understanding and managing it challenging. Regulus and Lamy's discovery shows that quantum entanglement follows an entropy rule similar to that for classical systems. This discovery opens new perspectives in the field of quantum information science and technology, deepening our understanding of quantum entanglement and its connection to thermodynamics. The results of the study indicate the possibility of reversibility of entanglement transformations, which could greatly simplify their use in various quantum technologies. Opening a new rule ... >>

Mini air conditioner Sony Reon Pocket 5 09.05.2024

Summer is a time for relaxation and travel, but often the heat can turn this time into an unbearable torment. Meet a new product from Sony - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-air conditioner, which promises to make summer more comfortable for its users. Sony has introduced a unique device - the Reon Pocket 5 mini-conditioner, which provides body cooling on hot days. With it, users can enjoy coolness anytime, anywhere by simply wearing it around their neck. This mini air conditioner is equipped with automatic adjustment of operating modes, as well as temperature and humidity sensors. Thanks to innovative technologies, Reon Pocket 5 adjusts its operation depending on the user's activity and environmental conditions. Users can easily adjust the temperature using a dedicated mobile app connected via Bluetooth. Additionally, specially designed T-shirts and shorts are available for convenience, to which a mini air conditioner can be attached. The device can oh ... >>

Energy from space for Starship 08.05.2024

Producing solar energy in space is becoming more feasible with the advent of new technologies and the development of space programs. The head of the startup Virtus Solis shared his vision of using SpaceX's Starship to create orbital power plants capable of powering the Earth. Startup Virtus Solis has unveiled an ambitious project to create orbital power plants using SpaceX's Starship. This idea could significantly change the field of solar energy production, making it more accessible and cheaper. The core of the startup's plan is to reduce the cost of launching satellites into space using Starship. This technological breakthrough is expected to make solar energy production in space more competitive with traditional energy sources. Virtual Solis plans to build large photovoltaic panels in orbit, using Starship to deliver the necessary equipment. However, one of the key challenges ... >>

Random news from the Archive

Toshiba microcontroller with built-in pre-driver for motor control 10.12.2015

Toshiba Electronics Europe has expanded its TX03 microcontroller series based on ARM Cortex-M3 with the release of a new integrated circuit (IC) TMPM37AFSQG. The new IC is a miniature microcontroller for vector control with a Toshiba Vector Engine Plus (VE+) coprocessor and a pre-driver for controlling brushless DC motors.

The TMPM37AFSQG pre-driver allows direct control of 3-phase PWM MOSFETs with a minimum time unit of 25 ns. This makes the microcontroller ideal for controlling small electric motors, server fans, small cooling fans, exhaust fans, electric fans, ceiling fans, pumps and toys. The microcontroller core receives its power supply from the pre-driver, which allows using a single power supply to operate the entire device.

The TMPM37AFSQG microcontroller with up to 3MHz ARM Cortex-M40 core, 12-bit A/D converter and embedded vector control platform provides low noise and vibration motor control to optimize motor performance.

The device also contains an integrated operational amplifier (op amp) needed to measure current across a single shunt resistor and a comparator to detect overcurrent. All features are housed in a miniature package (32mm x 5mm VQFN5 with 0,5mm pitch) that requires minimal mounting space.

Other interesting news:

▪ Graphene Coated Aircraft

▪ Silent planes on owl wings

▪ Triple camera in smartphones - the trend of the mobile industry

▪ e-books boom predicted in 2010

▪ The bacterium causes rain

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the Electrician website. PUE. Article selection

▪ article Not without good souls in the world. Popular expression

▪ article What is a tack? Detailed answer

▪ article Thinning of the forest and selective sanitary felling. Standard instruction on labor protection

▪ article Cement for attaching knives and forks to handles. Simple recipes and tips

▪ article Amazing Chinese cabinet. Focus secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews