Life safety. Long-term consequences of harmful, traumatic and damaging factors (the most important)

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Life safety. Long-term consequences of harmful, traumatic and damaging factors (the most important)

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35. LONG-TERM CONSEQUENCES OF HARMFUL, INJURIOUS AND AFFECTING FACTORS

Harmful, traumatic and damaging factors do not act selectively, they negatively affect all components of the "human - technosphere" and "technosphere - natural environment" systems simultaneously if they are in the zone of influence of hazards. In addition, the growth of anthropogenic negative impact on the environment is not always limited to the growth of only direct hazards. Under certain conditions, long-term consequences of negative impacts are possible, which can occur at the regional and global levels, have a negative impact on regions of the biosphere and significant groups of people.

These consequences include the processes of formation of acid rain, smog, the "greenhouse effect", the destruction of the ozone layer of the Earth, the accumulation of toxic and carcinogenic substances in the organisms of animals and fish, in food products, etc.

Despite the fact that traumatic impacts affect short-term and spontaneously, as well as in a limited space, occur during accidents and disasters, explosions and sudden destruction of buildings and structures, they have long-term consequences, characterized by long-term or periodic negative impacts on humans and the natural environment, elements of the technosphere. At the same time, the spatial zones of harmful effects vary widely from working and domestic areas to the size of the entire earth's space. These include the effects of emissions of greenhouse and ozone-depleting gases, the release of radioactive substances into the atmosphere, etc.

The impact of traumatic factors leads to injury or death of people, accompanied by focal destruction of the natural environment and the technosphere, they are also characterized by significant material losses. Prolonged exposure to traumatic factors has a negative impact on the health of people, leading to occupational diseases.

Influencing the natural environment, harmful factors lead to the degradation of representatives of flora and fauna, change the composition of the components of the biosphere. At high concentrations of harmful substances or at high energy flows, harmful factors, by the nature of their impact, can approach traumatic effects. For example, high concentrations of toxic substances in the air, water, or food can cause poisoning.

Thus, man-made hazards worsen people's health, lead to injuries, material losses and degradation of the natural environment.

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