Life safety. Hygienic standards for the content of chemicals in water (the most important)

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Life safety. Hygienic standards for the content of chemicals in water (the most important)

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32. HYGIENE STANDARDS FOR THE CONTENT OF CHEMICALS IN WATER

Hygienic standards for the content of chemicals in the water of rivers, lakes, reservoirs are carried out in accordance with the "Sanitary rules and standards for the protection of surface waters from pollution" two categories:

1) reservoirs for household and drinking and cultural purposes;

2) reservoirs for fishery purposes. Sanitary regulations establish normalized values for such physical and chemical water condition parameters, such as: the content of floating impurities and suspended substances, smell, taste, color and temperature of water, acidity value, composition and concentration of mineral impurities and oxygen dissolved in water, biological need of water for oxygen, composition of water and maximum permissible concentration (MPC) of toxic and harmful substances and pathogenic bacteria in water.

The limiting indicator of harmfulness for reservoirs of economic and drinking and cultural purposes use three types: sanitary-toxicological, general sanitary and organoleptic. For fishery reservoirs, along with the above types, two more types of limiting water indicators (LPK) are used: toxicological and fishery. The sanitary state of the water body meets the requirements of the standards when the following condition is met: the ratio of the total concentration of the CLP substance in the design section of the water body to the MPC of the substance (MPC_В) must be less than or equal to 1.

So, in reservoirs for household and drinking and cultural purposes, MPC_В, for example, according to sanitary and toxicological standards, benzene should contain no more than 0,5 mg / l, and phenol (according to organoleptic indicators) no more than 0,001 mg / l. Gasoline and kerosene, according to the same indicators, should contain no more than 0,1 mg / l, copper, according to general sanitary indicators, no more than 1,0 mg / l. In water bodies belonging to the second category (for fishery purposes), toxicological TPC_В benzene should be 0,5 mg/l; fishery CIP_В phenol - 0,001 mg / l, gasoline and kerosene - not more than 0,1 mg / l. Toxicological LPK_В copper content should be no more than 0,01 mg/l.

Hygienic standards for the content of chemicals in the water of rivers, lakes, reservoirs are regulated by the Federal Law of March 30, 1999 "On the sanitary and epidemiological well-being of the population", the Regulations on state sanitary and epidemiological regulation (Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of July 24, 2000) and the corresponding hygienic standards (GN).

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